Fluids Flashcards
What material has the ability to flow?
Fluids
Give 2 examples of fluids used in anesthesia
IVF
Gases
What is hydrostatics?
The study of fluids that are not moving
Density=mass/volume
Specific gravity
What is hydrodynamics?
The study of fluids in motion
- laminar flow
- turbulent flow
Flow rate=volume/time
Velocity= rate of change of position
Acceleration =rate of change of velocity
What is Pascal’s principle?
Pressure applied to a confined fluid increases the pressure through the fluid by the same amount
What is buoyancy?
The upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object
What is Archimedes Principle?
An object immersed either totally or partially in a fluid feels a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
If an object floats, is it’s density greater or less than the fluid?
It’s less dense
If an object sinks, what does that mean about its buoyant force?
The buoyant force is less than the true weight of the object
What does it mean about an objects buoyant force if it floats?
The buoyant force greater than the true weight of the object
What is a hydrometer?
Measures specific gravity of liquids (or density= SG)
What is Bernoulli’s Principle?
Law states that the pressure of a fluid varies inversely with speed. An increase in speed producing a decrease in pressure and vice versa
*The faster a fluid flows, the less pressure it exerts
What is the equation of continuity?
Relates to cross-sectional area of a tube and speed of fluid going through it
The rate at which mass enters a system is equal to the rate at which mass leaves the system, plus the accumulation of mass writhing the system.
When fluid is in motion, it must move in such a way that mass is conserved
What is a Venturi tube flowmeter?
Works based on the Bernoulli effect.
There is a narrowing of the tube, which causes an increase in flow velocity. This decreases the pressure at this site, and causes an uptake of liquid or gas from an inlet at narrow portion of tube
What is viscosity?
Standard unit?
A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.
Resulting from friction between molecules.
Standard unit of viscosity is: pascal-second
What does Poiseuille’s theorem states that flow rate for a fluid through a tube depends on:
- Radius of the tube (proportional)
- Length of the tube (inverse)
- Pressure gradient (proportional)
- Viscosity of the fluid (inverse)