fluid shift Flashcards
blood flow in the capillaries depends on ?
the contractile state in the arterioles
how small substances passes from the capillary ?
through pores
how gases like o2 and co2 are transported through the capillaries ?
as they are lipid soluble they pass directly
what is the formula for the NFP ?
forces favoring filtration - forces opposing
what are the factors on which flow of fluid across capillaries depends ?
Kf : filtration coefficient
forces favoring filtration : capillary hydrostatic pressure
interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
forces opposing filtration:
intestinal fluid hydrostatic pressure
capillary osmotic pressure
what are the nature of the starling forces at the arteriolar end and venular ends ?
starling forces favour filtration at the arteriolar end and reabsorption at the venular end.
what is the NFT at the arteriolar end ?
+10 mm Hg
what is NFP at the venular end ?
- 8 mm Hg
what is the value of the pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure ?
and what is for normal capillary ?
8-11 mmHg
25mmHg
what are the complications of pulmonary oedema ?
diffusion distance inc so gas exchange is compromised - dec. lung compliance
what are the principals behind the causes of oedema ?
inc. in the capillary hydrostatic pressure : in heart failures
reduced plasma osmotic pressure : malnutrition, protein malabsorption, excess renal secretion of protein, hepatic failure
lymphatic insufficiency : lymph node damage ,elephantiasis
changes in capillary permeability : inflammation
presentation of the pulmonary oedema
shortness of breath
dull precussion
crepitations
presentation of the right ventricular failure
pitting oedema
ankles and sacrum
