Fluid Regulation

Question 1

What are water and electrolytes crucial for?

Answer 1

Maintaining blood volume and osmolarity to transport O2 and regulate bp.
Regulate body temp via sweating.
Removes waster and toxins.
Homeostasis and metabolic functions.
Neural conduction and muscle function.
Muscle glycogen recovery.

Question 2

How does dehydration occur?

Answer 2

The hypothalamus detects an increase in temp, so you dissipate heat via sweat. This happens to maintain our core temp and avoid metabolic perturbations. This loss in fluid decreases blood plasma volume.

Question 3

How does dehydration affect performance?

Answer 3

Reduced blood plasma volume - O2 transport reduced, increased viscosity so decreased blood flow to muscles
Core temp increases which increases sensations of fatigue
Decreases skin blood flow
HR increases, work harder for same output

Question 4

What is hyponatremia and who’s at risk?

Answer 4

Excessive water Intake that dilutes Na conc

Endurance athletes, extreme cold environments

Question 5

What is recommended for euhydration before exercise?

Answer 5

5-10 ml/kg/BM of fluid 2-4hours pre exercise

Question 6

What is recommended for rehydration?

Answer 6

Replace 150% of fluid lost / 1.25-1.5 L for every kg of MB lost
Avoid alcohol
Na helps retention of water

Question 7

When might you recommend a hypotonic solution?

Answer 7

For rapid rehydration and to maximise water uptake

Question 8

Why would you avoid a hypertonic solution?

Answer 8

Water leaves RBCs, exacerbating dehydration

Question 9

What responses do you get from exercising that increases your tolerance to dehydration?

Answer 9

Lower HR
Expanded plasma volume
Earlier onset of sweating
Lower body temp

Question 10

What can you add to water to increase water retention?

Answer 10

Glycerol

Na