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CABS3: Renal and GU > Fluid Physiology and Water Balance > Flashcards

Fluid Physiology and Water Balance Flashcards

1
Q

what is the typical glomerular filtration rate

A

30mL/hr

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2
Q

what are the main components of urine

A

water and urea

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3
Q

what is the normal pH of urine

A

4.6 - 8
typically acidic (kills bacteria)

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4
Q

what is the specific gravity of urine

A

1.001 - 1.035

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5
Q

what is urea from

A

protein metabolism

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6
Q

what is uric acid from

A

nucleic acid metabolism

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7
Q

what is creatinine from

A

muscle metabolism

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8
Q

what is bilirubin from

A

hemoglobin metabolism

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9
Q

what is the primary driver of osmosis

A

Osmolality

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10
Q

what is Osmolality

A

number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of fluid

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11
Q

how much of water is intracellular

A

2/3s

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12
Q

what is the primary driver of fluid movement in ECF

A

Na+

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13
Q

what is the primary driver of fluid movement in ICF

A

K+

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14
Q

what is the intravascular protein that maintains intravascular volume

A

albumin

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15
Q

What is Tonicity

A

the ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell

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16
Q

what is needed to maintain tonicity

A

intact thirst
maintained GFR
function LOH and distal nephron
appropriate functional ADH
ADH response from kidney

17
Q

What determines tonicity

A

extracellular Na+

18
Q

what does tonicity determine

A

cellular size

19
Q

when osmolarity is elevated, what will be released

A

ADH
increased Na + H20 retention
increased thirst

20
Q

what occurs to the RBC in a hypotonic solution

A

swollen (turgid)

21
Q

what occurs to RBC in a hypertonic solution

A

shrunken RBC (Flaccid)

22
Q

what is used for energy with skeletal muscle contraction

A

creatine phosphate

23
Q

how is water regulated

A

RAAS
ADH
Metabolic demands

24
Q

What lab measurement of GFR

A

CrCl

25
Q

What regulates sodium

A

RAAS - Juxtaglomerular cells will sense the Na+ concentration and release renin
ADH

26
Q

what primarily determines fluid balance

A

Blood pressure
-adrenals
-liver
-kidney
-brain
-heart

27
Q

what accounts for 90% of ECF cations and primary determinant of ECF volume

A

Na+

28
Q

what helps to regulate sodium

A

RAAS - Jaxtaglomerular cells will sense the Na+ concentration and release renin
ADH

29
Q

what primarily determines fluid balance

A

blood pressure

30
Q
A

CABS3: Renal and GU (9 decks)

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