1000ft view Male Reproduction Flashcards
What is bulbospongiosus
around lateral aspect of the bulb of the penis and proximal body
-pudendal nerve innervation, supports pelvic floor, helps to expel all semen, pushes blood from bulb into body of penis
what is ischiocavernosus
helps to maintain erection, compresses venous flow
what are the three sections of the root
crus - laterally
bulb of corpus spongiosum - centrally
corpus spongiosum
how is the body of the penis attached
via suspensory ligament
what surrounds the corpous spongiosum and corpus cavernosum
Bucks fascia
where are the dorsal arteries located
between corpora cavernosa, contains deep and superficial
what arteries help with erection and where are they located
deep arteries within corpora cavernosa
what is the innervation of the penis
branches off the pudendal nerve
what branch off of the pudendal nerve provides somatic innervation to the spongy urethra
dorsal nerve branch
What is the Raphe
line between the scrotum
what are the muscles of the scrotum
cremaster muscles
dartos muscles
scrotal septum
what is the vasculature of the scrotum
anterior scrotal arteries off the internal pudendal arteries
what is the innervation of the scrotum
anterior scrotal nerve off the ilio-inguinal nerve and genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
what is included in the spermatocord
testicular blood vessels, connective tissue and vas deferens
when do the tests descend
3 months before birth through the inguinal canal
how are the tests suspended
spermatic cord
what covers the testes
tunica vaginalis
what is the inner covering of the testes
tunica albuginea
what is the needed temp for the the testes
2-7 degrees Celcius below body temp for spermatogenesis
where is sperm made within the testes
seminiferous tubules
What are Leydig cells
stimulate sertoli cells
create testosterone when stimulated by LH
(more supportive cells) more external
what are sertoli cells
stimulated by FSH which will make the androgen bonding protein
create spermatogonium (diploid cell) - more internal
what is pampiniform plexus
venous vascular attachment
what helps with the continued maturation of sperm
epididymis
how long does it take for sperm to move along the epididymis
12 days
in males what does the inguinal canal contain
spermatic cord
gonadal vessels
lymphatics
what portion of the spermatozoa contains DNA
head of the spermatozoa
what makes up the mid-piece of the spermatozoa
large amount of mitochondria
what does acrosome assist with
break through the egg
what is included in seminal fluid
fructose for sperm metabolism
prostaglandins to help with the inhospitable vaginal environment
alkalizes the fluid to protect from vagina
how big should the prostate be
size of a walnut
what regulate the function of the prostate
androgens
what is the purpose of the prostate
alkalinizes semen further, gives milky appearance
add fibrinolysis to increase sperm motility
what is the PSA
prostate-specific antigen - prostate cancer specific marker
what are the bulbourethral glands
secrete mucous near base of penis
what is the pH of semen
7.5
what it the amount during a normal ejaculation
2-6mL
what controls erection
parasympathetic NS
what is the innervation of the corpus cavernosa
pelvic nerve (S2-S4)
what is detumescence
flaccid penis
what allows for flaccid penis
increase sympathetic input
what controls ejactulation
sympathetic NS
innervation from T4-L2
what causes constriction so there is no exchange between urine or semen
Norepinephrine
what occurs after ejaculation
loss of parasympathetic
reduced NO
decreased compression on the veins
flaccid penile tissue (remission)
how long are the sex organs the same embryologically
first 5 weeks
Where is the SRY gene located
on the Y chromosome
what causes the Mullerian ducts to regress
activation of SRY gene - stops development of female sex organs
what develops with activation of SRY gene
Wolffian duct
