Fluid Balance

Question 1

What is the definition of shock

Answer 1

When the heart is no longer able to perfuse the body

Question 2

Perfusion

Answer 2

Adequate blood flow to all areas of the body

Question 3

What percentage of fluid loss is considered excessive and leading to shock

Answer 3

12-15%

Question 4

Three forms of fluid that can be lost

Answer 4

Primary: Water
2. Water and electrolytes
3. Blood loss

Question 5

Two things that cause a decrease in primary H2O

Answer 5

Increased urination or a lack of intake

Question 6

What are two causes of increased excretion (water loss)

Answer 6

1. Diabetes insipidus (central or renal)
2. Renal failure

Question 7

Name six clinical conditions of water and electrolyte loss

Answer 7

1. Vomiting
2. Diarrhea
3. Wounds
4. Burns
5. Ascites
6. Peritonitis

Question 8

What is the most common form of fluid loss

Answer 8

Water and electrolytes

Question 9

What is the primary electrolyte that is lost in vomiting

Answer 9

Chloride (stomach contains hydrochloric acid)

Question 10

Ascites

Answer 10

Fluid build up in the peritoneal cavity

Question 11

Peritonitis

Answer 11

Inflammation of the peritoneum (causes fluid to leak across)