Fluid and Electrolytes Part2 Flashcards
What is the purpose of IV therapy?
replace/restore fluids, administer medication, emergency line/blood acces, nutrition (TPN)
Water, glucose, and/or electrolytes, D5/NS, D5/.45NS, D5, Lactate Ringers, NS are all examples of what type of solution?
crystalloid
What are the 2 colloid solutions nurses should be familiar with?
albumin, plasmanate
Besides crystalloid and colloid, what are 3 other types of IV solutions?
lipids, TPN, blood products
What are 4 isotonic IV solutions?
Plasma, Dextrose 5 %/Water, NS 9%, Ringers Lactate
Dextrose 10 %, D5/Nacl, D5/.45 Nacl, D5/ 2NaCl are all examples of which tonicity of IV solutions
Hyper
True or False, NaCl. 45% is the only hypotonic solution?
TRUE
What are the common nursing care duties for an IV?
maintain site patency, prevent infections, phlebitis, inflitrations, extravasation, maintain flow rate & medical orders, monitor effectiveness of fluids-nutrition
Why do TPNs and PPNs require special nursing care?
Risk of infection, hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalance
Mismatched blood transfusions, pyrogen/allergic reactions, fluid overload are reasons for special nursing d/t what?
bood products
What are the 2 types of vascular accesses?
peripheral sites and central lines
What are the 4 common, life-threatening central line complications?
phlebitis, occlusion, mobile catheters, superior vena cava syndrome
What can a nurse do to treat phlebitis?
placing a hot pack on a patient’s arm, especually during infusion
True or False, arrhythmias can occur if the PICC is too long?
True, this is why X-ray verification is necessary
What is superior vena cava syndrome?
life-threatening condition that develops when a vein begins to clot. Watch for swlling or pt. arm, chect, neck, and face.
