Fluid and Electrolytes

Question 1

What does the small intestine absorb and secrete?

Answer 1

Absorbs Na, K, Cl, and H2O

Secretes HCO3-

Question 2

What does the large intestin absorb and secrete?

Answer 2

Absorbs Na,Cl, H20

Secretes HCO3- and K+

Question 3

Which transporters in the jejunum function to mostly uptake sodium following a meal?

Answer 3

SGLT1 (sodium glucose transporter) and the amino acid sodium transporter B (A.A. and sodium co transporter).

Question 4

Chloride absorption in the intestine is tied to the excretion of what subject?

Answer 4

Chloride absorption is linked to bicarbonate excretion.

Question 5

The secretion of chlorid is mediated by what transporter?

Answer 5

Medated by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)

Question 6

Descibe Solvent drag

Answer 6

Solvent drag is the absorbtion of potassium following the absorption of NaCL with potassium being pulled with water.

Question 7

Why is potassium secreted in the colon and not absorbed via solvent drag?

Answer 7

In the large intestine, the luminal contents are negative which keeps the potassium within the lumen while water leaves!
Furthermore, Na/K ATPase regulates the sodium potassium gradients.

Question 8

what will increased intracellular levels of cAMP, cGMP, and calcium do to the CFTR channel?

What about the Na/H+ channel?

Answer 8

High concentrations of these substances will stimulate the CFTR channel and will inhibit the Na/H+ channel.

This causes inhibition of sodium resorbtion and secretion of chloride if NaCl builds in the lumen.

Question 9

What is secretory diahrrea?

Answer 9

Intestinal secretion of fluid and electrolytes can be caued by toxins or infectious organisms.

Question 10

What is Osmotic Diarrhea?

Answer 10

Shift in osmotic pressure in the lumen of the intestines causing a decrease in water absorbtion.
Ex: Lactose in lactose intollerant patients.