Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Types and causes of edema

Question 1

First spacing

Answer 1

Fluid is where it belongs

Question 2

Second spacing

Answer 2

Too much water in a space where fluid normally is (interstitial spaces)

Question 3

Third spacing

Answer 3

Fluid is in an area that it shouldn’t be (lungs, heart, abdomen, brain)

Question 4

Edema is primarily _______ spacing

Answer 4

Second

Question 5

Contributing forces to edema

Answer 5

• Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
• Lowered plasma oncotic pressure
• Increased capillary membrane permeability
• Lymphatic channel obstruction

Question 6

Localized edema

Answer 6

Limited to site of trauma

Occurs with a particular organ system

Question 7

Generalized edema

Answer 7

Uniform distribution of fluid in interstitial spaces

Question 8

Dependent edema

Answer 8

In gravity dependent areas

Question 9

Pitting edema

Answer 9

Pit left in skin with pressure

Question 10

What type of edema is the most common?

Answer 10

Dependent

Question 11

Preorbital edema

Answer 11

Swelling around the eyes

Question 12

Pulmonary edema

Answer 12

Accumulation of fluid in the air sacs in the lungs

Question 13

Ascites

Answer 13

Fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity (abdomen)

Question 14

Pericardial effusion

Answer 14

Compression of the heart due to fluid accumulation within the pericardium

Question 15

Pleural effusion

Answer 15

Compression of the lungs due to fluid accumulation within the pleural cavity