Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Fluid volume deficit and excess

Question 1

Causes of fluid volume deficiency

Answer 1

• Abnormal losses through skin, GI tract, or kidneys
• Decreased fluid intake
• Bleeding
• Movement of fluid into the third space

Question 2

Symptoms of fluid volume deficiency

Answer 2

Weight loss
Dry mucus membranes
Increased respiratory rate
Decreased skin turgor
Sunken eyeballs
Flattened neck veins
Increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure

Question 3

Causes of fluid volume excess

Answer 3

Excessive sodium intake
Administering sodium containing infusions too rapidly
Congestive heart failure
Renal failure

Question 4

Congestive heart failure

Answer 4

Not enough blood is being pushed, baroreceptors and kidneys cause body to hold onto water

Question 5

Symptoms of fluid volume excess

Answer 5

Weight gain, pulmonary edema, neck vein distention, congestive heart failure, full bounding pulses, peripheral edema