flow Flashcards
definition of flow?
state of full involvement and enjoyent in the present activity
another name for flow?
‘the zone’
which area of psychology does flow derive from?
positive psychology
so therefore even though being chased by a lion may involve full involvement and focus,it is not enjoyabe so not in flow
where does the word flow come from?
the idea of being carried by a river
what is flow?
departure from normal state of muddled thoughts, distraction and poor concentration
it is a rare experience of peak performance and complete focus
how many dimensions of flow are there?
9
how many dimensions of flow are there describing what experience is like?
6
what are the dimensions of what experience of flow is like?
x6
concentration action-awareness merging transformation of time reduced self-awareness autotelicity sense of control
what is autotelicity?
state of intrinsic motivation (doing purely for enjoyment instead of e.g monetry gain)
how many dimensions for conditions of flow are there?
3
what are the dimensions for the conditions for flow?
x3
challenege-skill balance
clear goals
immediate feedback
what should the challenge-skill balance be for flow to occur?
they should both be high
2 ways to measure flow
flow state scale (Jackson & Eklund, 2002)
36 questions on the 9 dimensions
flow short scale (Rheinberg, Engeser, Volmeyer, 2002)
simpler characteristics of flow
only 9 questions
issue with the 2 scales of measuring flow?
rely on self-report technique which allows for social-desirability bias
does flow always occur with good performance?
no as you may be performing well but also stressed
do you have to be performing well for flow to occur?
yes, it can’t occur when we are not performing well
what are the 3 main issues with supporting evidence for flow?
the direction of causation is unclear
may merely be a correlation
relies on self-report techniques
who are the 2 researchers suggesting flow is effortless?
Swann
Deitrich
how does Swann et al. view flow?
performance state of ‘letting it happen’ completely distinct from ‘making it happen’
characteristics of ‘making it happen’?
increased motivation and concentration
heightened effort
characteristics of ‘letting it happen’?
ease
calmness
relaxed concentration
in a round of golf, when are ‘making it happen’ and ‘letting it happen’ most likely to occur?
letting it happen at the beginning
making it happen near the end as have an accumulated score and know what needs to be done
what is Deitrich’s hypofrontality theory?
suggests flow arises from absense of frontal brain activity
the frontal brain is responsible for conscious decision making such as problem solving so suggesting conscious thought not involved in flow
no over thinking and enabling motor system to do its thing
what is quiet eye?
it is a marker of attentional control
depends on frontal brain areas
what is the correlation between quiet eye and flow?
is it significant?
significant but small correlation of +0.2
what is the correlation between flow and performance?
is it significant?
+0.47
significant
what did the driving simulation task show about flow?
and how did it show this?
flow is an effortful not effortless state
as a moderate challenge led to the greatest physiologial effort and to the most flow
so FLOW REQUIRES EFFORT
how to get into flow?
x5
do a challenging activity focus wholly on the task using certain techniques such as goal setting, visualisation and pre shot routine provide immediate feedback mindfulness attention training
