Floreani: Pulmonary Function Tests Flashcards
Challenge tests for breathing probs
Methacholine
Histamine
Cold air / exercise
What are the reference values for pulmonary function testing affected by?
Age Gender Race Height Weight Altitude
Determines inspiratory and expiratory volumes as a function of time
Spirometry
Three basic categories of abnormalities
- restrictive
- obstructive
- vascular
Abnormality related to static mechanisms. Changes in volume, pressures.
Restrictive
Abnormality related to dynamic mechanisms.
Changes in volume/time and airflow.
Obstruction
Abnormality related to defects in gas exchange. Changes in arterial blood gas.
Vascular
(Blank) is defined as a complete expiration following a maximal inspiration
Vital capacity
Forced Expiratory Volume over 1 second
FEV/1
About what percent of vital capacity is exhaled in first second?
80%
Do patients with emphysema and asthma have a higher or lower FEV/1?
Lower
sustained maximal ventilation over 15 seconds
Maximal voluntary ventilation
Is FRC increased or decreased in patients with COPD?
Increased
(Blank) measures the transfer of the gas CO across the alveolocapillary membranes. Conditions that affect or disrupt these lung structures will reduce this.
Diffusion capacity (DLCO)
CO binds to Hb (blank) times more avidly than O2.
210
Pulmonary obstruction can cause restricted (blank), (blank), or both on a flow-volume loop.
inspiration, expiration
Characterized by objective evidence of at least episodic air flow obstruction.
REDUCED FEV1 out of proportion to FVC
Thus, a REDUCED FEV1/FVC ratio
Flow volume curve that indicates REDUCED EXPIRATORY VOLUMES AND FLOW RATES - (FEV1)
Asthma
Characterized by a proportional REDUCTION in BOTH FVC and FEV1, with a NORMAL FEV1/FVC ratio ( > 70 % )
Flow volume loops indicate the REDUCED VOLUMES
Pulmonary fibrosis
Bronchoalveolar destruction
Emphysema
Destruction or remodeling of arteriolar and capillary beds. The alveolocapillary membrane > than capillary blood volume that is reduced
Pulmonary hypertension
Assesses oxygen degree of desaturation with ambulation
Six minute walk test
