Flight Safety Concepts Flashcards
What is TEM made of.
Threats, Errors and Undesired aircraft states.
Threat.
External events that occur beyond the influence of the flight crew.
Error.
Erroneous action, or inaction, by the flight crew which leads to deviations.
Undesired Aircraft State.
Crew induced position or speed deviation, misapplication of flight controls or incorrect systems configurations.
Swiss cheese model.
What the holes represent?
Errors are not spontaneous , series of causes. If not interrupted hazard will evolve through multiple levels of defence.
The holes are errors.
Safety Culture.
Culture within an organisation which is defined by the attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and values that employees share in relation to safety.
Safety Management.
Required to establish necessary procedures that will allow a safety culture to be effective.
Open culture.
Discuss.
Closed Culture.
Do not discuss.
Just Culture.
Unintentional errors will not be punished. Balances non-punitive/blame-free environment with accountability.
Flexible Culture.
Organisation and the people in it are capable of adapting effectively to changing demands.
Learning Culture.
Organisation able to learn from its mistakes and make changes.
Informed Culture.
Uses data and information.
Reporting Culture.
People have the confidence to report without the fear of blame.
Safety Management System.
Systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
