Flight Instruments Flashcards

0
Q

How does the altimeter work?

A

Android wafers expand & contract as atmospheric pressure changes.
Shaft & gear linkage rotate the pointers on the dial of altimeter.

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1
Q

What instruments operate from Pitot/static system?

A

Altimeter

Vertical Speed Indicator

Airspeed Indicator

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2
Q

What limitations does a pressure altimeter have?

A

Temperature variations: expand/contract atmosphere and raises/lowers pressure levels.

Changes in surface pressure also affect pressure levels at altitude

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3
Q

Rule of thumb for limitations of a pressure altimeter:

A

Hi to low or hot to cold look out below!

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4
Q

For IFR flight, what is the maximum allowable error for an altimeter?

A

75 feet off field elevation

anything more considered unreliable

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5
Q

Define indicated altitude:

A

Read off the face of the altimeter

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6
Q

Define pressure altitude:

A

Indicated altitude with 29.92” Hg set in Kollsman window.

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7
Q

Define true altitude:

A

Height above sea level

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8
Q

Define absolute altitude:

A

Height above ground.

Subtract the terrain elevation from true altitude.

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9
Q

Define density altitude:

A

Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

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10
Q

How does airspeed indicator work?

A

It measures the difference between RAM pressure from the Pitot and atmospheric pressure from the static source

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11
Q

What limitations does an airspeed indicator have?

A

It must have proper flow of air through the pitot/static system

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12
Q

What errors does an airspeed indicator have?

A

Position error: slip stream flow
Density error: changes in altitude and temperature not compensated for by the instrument
Compressibility error: packing the air into pitot tube at high airspeed

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13
Q

Define indicated airspeed:

A

Speed read off the airspeed indicator

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14
Q

Defined calibrated airspeed:

A

Airspeed after corrected for position, installation and instrument errors

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15
Q

Defined equivalent airspeed:

A

Airspeed corrected for position, instrument error and for adiabatic compressible flow

16
Q

Defined true airspeed:

A

Speed in relation to air mass in which it is flying

17
Q

Function airspeed indicator: white Arc

A

Flat operating range

18
Q

Function airspeed indicator: bottom of white arc

A

Flaps down stall speed

19
Q

Function airspeed indicator: top of white arc

A

Maximum airspeed for flaps down flight

20
Q

Function airspeed indicator: green arc

A

Normal operating range

21
Q

Function airspeed indicator: bottom of green arc

A

Flaps up stall speed

22
Q

Function airspeed indicator: top of green arc

A

Maximum airspeed for rough air

23
Q

Function airspeed indicator: yellow arc

A

Structural warning area

24
Function airspeed indicator: bottom of yellow arc
Maximum airspeed for rough air
25
Function airspeed indicator: top of yellow arc
Never exceed airspeed
26
Function airspeed indicator: red radial line
Never exceed airspeed
27
How does the vertical speed indicator work?
Change of pressure expands/contract a diaphragm. It is connected to the indicating needle through gears and levers. VSI is connected to a static pressure line through a calibrated leak.
28
What are the limitations of the vertical speed indicator?
Not accurate until stabilized. Sudden or abrupt changes will cause Arronia's instrument readings. Not reflected immediately due to calibrated leak.
29
Is Pitot ram air inlet & drain hole freezes, what instruments are affected?
Only airspeed indicator. Acts like the altimeter.
30
What instruments are affected if static port freezes?
Airspeed indicator: descent will read high, climb will read low. (Very dangerous) Altimeter: will indicate sustained altitude Vertical speed: will indicate level flight
31
What is the corrective action if the Pitot tube freezes?
Turn pitot heat on
32
What is the corrective action if the static port freezes?
Use alternate air if available | or break the face of the static instrument
33
When using alternate air, altimeter will indicate:
Higher than actual altitude
34
When using alternate air, airspeed will indicate:
Greater than actual airspeed
35
When using alternate air, vertical speed will indicate:
A climb while in level flight