Flight Controls Flashcards by Ryan Brennan

What control positions are shown on the PFCS MFD?

The spoilers, elevator and rudder

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What are the Primary and Secondary Flight Controls for the airplane?

Primary:
Rudder
Elevator
Ailerons, assisted by the spoilers

Secondary:
Flaps

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Which control surface is not hydraulically powered?

The ailerons

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What is the FCECU, where is it located, and how is it powered?

The Flight Control Electronic Control Unit is a single electronic unit divided into two channels (left and right) located underneath the passenger cabin floor that sends signals to the primary and secondary flight controls.
Left channel - powered by the Left Essential 28vDC Bus
Right channel - powered by the Right Essential 28vDC Bus

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How does the elevator work?

Two separate elevators connected by the pitch disconnect handle mounted on the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizer.
Two separate pulley systems send commands to elevator PCUs.
Outboard, Center and Inboard PCU for each elevator.
Captain controls the left elevator, Co-pilot controls the right elevator.

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How are the elevator PCUs powered?

Outboard - #1 Hydraulic System
Center - #2 Hydraulic System
Inboard - #3 Hydraulic System

Outboard and Center PCUs are always active
Inboard PCU is in standby mode

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How is the elevator protected against wind gusts?

PCU compensator in the return line of the #3 hydraulic system maintains pressure in the system when the airplane is parked.

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What occurs if we lose both #1 and #2 system pressure to the elevator?

The #3 system would activate and control the inboard PCUs. This would be confirmed by system pressure on the co-pilot’s MFD. The #3 system can also be activated manually by pressing the #3 HYD ISO VALVE guarded push button.

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What happens when all three hydraulic systems are powering the elevator simultaneously?

The ELEVATOR PRESS caution light is illuminated.

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How does the artificially feel system for the elevator work?

Two Pitch Trim & Feel Units are located in the horizontal stabilizer, one for each elevator. The FCECU, receiving input from the ADU and AHRS commands actuators to extend or retract to create artificially feel. Centering springs also help to return the elevator to a neutral position.

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What happens if the elevator pitch trim is operated for more than 3 seconds?

An audible clicking sound is heard and the ELEVATOR TRIM SHUTOFF push button illuminates. Pushing the button will deactivate the system.

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Explain how Flap Pitch Auto Trim works.

The FCECU commands nose up or down pitch to assist when the following conditions are met:

Flaps in transit between 15° and 35°
Autopilot not engaged
Airspeed below 200 KIAS
No manual pitch command from pilot flying

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What does the ELEVATOR ASYMMETRY caution light indicate?

Left and Right elevator position do not agree

MAX AIRSPEED 200 KIAS

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How is the rudder controlled and powered?

Mechanically controlled by the rudder pedals and powered by two separate hydraulic PCUs. The #1 hydraulic system powers the lower rudder PCU, the #2 system powers the upper rudder PCU.

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The rudder is also split into fore and aft sections which are connected by mechanical push rods. The aft section deflects ______ as much as the fore section.

The aft section deflects twice as much as the first section.

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A mechanical stop attached to the co-pilot’s rudder pedals limits rudder deflection based on flap selector handle position. At flaps 0° the rudder is limited to ___° degrees of deflection for the fore and ___° for the aft.

At flaps greater than 0° the rudder is limited to ___° of deflection for the fore section and ___° for the aft.

Flaps 0°: 12° fore and 24° aft

Flaps > 0°: 18° fore and 36° aft

How does the FCECU limit rudder authority?

The FCECU limits rudder authority as a function of airspeed by limiting hydraulic pressure to the PCUs as airspeed increases and increasing hydraulic pressure as the aircraft slows.

The Yaw Damper assists with roll oscillations and turn coordination by automatically activating a hydraulic actuator based on inputs from both FGMs. It is limited to ___° of rudder deflection.

4.5° degrees of rudder deflection

If either rudder PCU jams, what indication will we have in the cockpit?

The RUD 1 or RUD 2 pushbutton will illuminate. Pushing either of these buttons will depressurize the associated rudder PCU. The #1 or #2 RUD HYD caution light will also illuminate to indicate there is a loss of pressure to that PCU.

How is roll control accomplished?

Roll control is accomplished with a combination of ailerons which are mechanically controlled and operated, and two sets of spoilers (inboard and outboard) which are mechanically controlled and hydraulically operated.

The control wheels are connected by a cable that in the event of a jam can be disconnected. In that case, what control wheel controls what?

The captain’s control wheel controls the spoilers, while the co-pilot’s control wheel controls the ailerons.

What are the three modes for the spoilers?

Flight: Assists with roll control
Ground: Lift dump valve opens to extend fully with WOW
Taxi: Spoiler switch held in position by solenoid, lift dump valve closes

Each aileron has a geared trim tab that assists by reducing the force required to turn the wheel by moving in the opposite direction of its aileron. The ________ side aileron also has a ground adjustable tab that can be adjusted by maintenance.

Right aileron

The inboard spoilers are controlled by the #___ hydraulic system, while the outboard spoilers are controlled by the #___ hydraulic system. The outboard spoilers are deactivated at airspeeds greater than ______ kts.

Inboard - #1 hydraulic system
Outboard - #2 hydraulic system

Outboard spoilers deactivated over 170 kts by the FCECU shutting off pressure to outboard spoilers.

In Ground Mode, the 4 (2 inboard, 2 outboard) lift dump valves are commanded open to extend the spoilers once the FCECU and PSEU receive signals confirming:

- The spoiler switch is in the FLIGHT position - Power levers are at or aft of the flight idle position - PSEU receives WOW signal from both main landing gear

The FLIGHT/TAXI switch is held in place by a magnetic solenoid. The switch is placed in the FLIGHT position when taking the runway. How else can the switch be moved to the FLIGHT position?

By advancing the power levers above the flight idle position, the solenoid is de-energized and the switch automatically moves to the flight position. As the power levers are advanced the spoilers will retract, if they don't you must reject the takeoff.

A roll control malfunction normally occurs when when the linkage between one of the four PCUs and the spoiler clutch becomes jammed. The clutch is designed to disengage and will result in the illumination of the SPLR 1 or SPLR 2 PUSH OFF push buttons. What are the memory items if this occurs?

ROLL CONTROL - Maintain to hold wings level If SPLR 1 or 2 are illuminated - Push Off If SPLR 1 or 2 are NOT illuminated: Power - Apply Airspeed - Increase

If the mechanical jam occurs anywhere in the roll control circuits besides the PCUs both wheels will be jammed. What are the memory items for a roll control jam?

Autopilot - Disconnect Roll Disconnect Handle - Pull and Rotate 90° Control Wheels - Both pilots attempt to maintain roll control If the left wheel is free, ONLY the spoilers are operational If the right wheel is free, ONLY the ailerons are operational. If the wheel is turned more than 50°, SPLR 1 and 2 will illuminate. Push both OFF

If the outboard spoilers are not deactivated above ____ kts or reactivated below ____ kts a SPLR OUTBD caution light will illuminate.

Deactivated above 185 knots, reactivated below 150 knots.

The fowler type flaps are powered by the ___________ which receives hydraulic pressure from the #____ hydraulic system and receive commands from the ___________.

Flap Power Unit (FPU) #1 hydraulic system Flap Command Unit (FCU)

How does the Flap Power Unit move the flaps?

The FPU converts hydraulic pressure from system 1 into rotary mechanical power. A drive shaft powers jack screws which raise or lower the flaps along their tracks.

When will the Standby Hydraulic pump and PTU automatically turn on with engines running?

Flaps moved out of the 0° detent | Parking brake released

In regards to the flaps, what positions will trigger the takeoff warning horn?

Flaps less than 3.5° or more than 20° with both power levers advanced above 50% torque

How does the Flap Control Unit work?

Moving the trigger on the bottom side of the flap selector handle sends a signal to the FCU. Once the new flap position is reached the FCU sends a signal to the FPU to move the flaps to the new position and to stop when that position is reached. The FCU also motions the system for malfunctions.

What does a FLAP DRIVE caution light mean?

System malfunction in which performance might be degraded but flaps may still usable. Light will extinguish if the fault disappears.

What does a FLAP POWER caution light mean?

FCU has disabled the flaps due to a malfunction that if allowed to continue would create an unsafe situation. Flaps will lock in that position.

What are the two primary functions of the Stall Protection System?

Stick Shaker Stick Pusher ``` Powered by 115vAC Based on calculations by Stall Protection Modules 1 and 2 Receives inputs concerning: -Angle of Attack -Flap position -Mach Number -Engine Torque -Increase Ref Speeds Switch Position ```

When will the Stall Protection System operate?

CAS less than 215 knots Altitude above 200 feet Either Stick Pusher Shutoff not pushed OFF