Flash Card #6
What is the Nucleus?
membrane bound control center of
cell containing X-shaped structures called
chromosomes. Each chromosome consists
of two chromatids held together by a
centromere.
What is a chromosome?
X-shaped structure
consisting of a single DNA molecule.
What is a DNA molecule?
consisting of genes, the
“code of life”
What is an organism?
½ genes mom + ½ genes dad
What is an interphase?
chromosomes can not be seen;
doubling of chromosomes; nuclear membrane
present; 99% of cell life.
What is a prophase?
spindle fibers form; chromosomes seen
(randomly arranged).
What is a metaphase?
chromosomes line up in the Middle,
no nuclear membrane.
What is an anaphase?
chromosomes move Apart (Away)
What is a telophase?
Two joined cells; two nuclear
membranes form
What is a cytokinesis?
Two separated daughter cells form.
What is mitosis?
are identical
What is cell division?
growth (embryo, fetus, infancy → adulthood) and
repair/maintanence of an organism
What is Asexual reproduction?
simple life, 1 parent / 2 daughter cells parent/daughter cells identical appearance
(genes) parent/daughter cell same number of
chromosomes
What is cancer?
abnormal cell division; uncontrolled
mitosis; certain DNA mutations cause cells to
divide in an uncontrolled way.
What is the cause of cancer?
Mutations are caused by: 1] Chemicals (carcinogens; ex: smoking, gasoline, alcohol, fried foods) 2] Radiation (high dose; atomic bomb, nuclear reactor meltdown Chernobyl (for Simon), Ukraine) 3] Hereditary (ex: breast cancer)