Fitness and Physical Activity - Class Slides Flashcards
For years, the most widely accepted definition of health was the absence of disease. What did this cause with regards to individuals with disabilities?
One of the strongest reasons for the lack of attention given to people with disabilities in health promotion
Disability and Secondary Condition: Hierarchical 5 steps:
1. Occurs ___ individual acquires or is ___ with a disability
2. Condition is not associated with the
___
3. More prevalent in people who have a ______
4. Is not caused by _____ or _____
5. It is a _____ ____
- after; born
- trauma
- disability
- medication or intervention
- health condition
What three things should you consider with regards to overloading a wheelchair?
- consider total payload
- determine max recommended weight capacity
- don’t overstress mobility device
Special notes and precautions: SCI at or above ___ level may have impairments in what NS? What can this cause?
T6; sympathetic NS; this NS is responsible for increasing HR during exercise therefore you need to monitor exertion as heart may not be able to meet circulating blood demands
Physical activity is important for all because it:
- improves…
- prevents…
- has benefits of…
Improves health and quality of life. Physical and psychological benefits. Prevents obesity and disease.
The ___ provides a framework for describing health and health related states.
ICF
The ICF considers what factors in participants?
- body functions and structures
- activities and participation
- interaction between environmental factors and personal factors
Programmatic uses of the IFC?
- needs assessment
- outcome evaluation
What are some major barriers to PA that may discourage participation?
- pain, fatigue, deconditioning
- inaccessible recreation and fitness environments
- knowledge and attitudes
- programmatic factors
What was Rimmer et al. (2011) conceptual model for?
Identifying, preventing, and managing secondary conditions in people with disabilities
“disordered sensori-motor control resulting from an UMN, presenting as intermittent or sustained involuntary activation of muscles”
spasticity
Approximately ____ of those living with stroke for 12m+ experience spasticity
38%
“reduced active and passive dorsiflexion leading to impairments in gait and balance”
lower limb spasticity
What was the aim of Viv’s research on “Barriers and Affordances for PA among individuals experiencing spasticity”?
To describe actors that facilitate or hinder PA among individuals experiencing chronic lower limb spasticity
Design for Viv’s research on “Barriers and Affordances for PA among individuals experiencing spasticity”?
Mixed-methods:
- Quantitative: used to describe the body functions and structures, activities, and participation in PA
- Qualitative: interviews used to describe participation and gain appreciation for barriers to, and facilitators for PA
What were the data sources for Viv’s research on “Barriers and Affordances for PA among individuals experiencing spasticity”?
- Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities Survey
- Semi-structured interviews
- discussed participation, barriers and affordances for PA
Results from Viv’s research on “Barriers and Affordances for PA among individuals experiencing spasticity”?
- Condition changed participation
- Optimism that participation/condition would continue to evolve
- weather and a fear of falling
- affordances provided by mobility devices
- family and community support
Conclusions from Viv’s research on “Barriers and Affordances for PA among individuals experiencing spasticity”?
- Participants largey described inactive lifestyles and levels of PA that were lower now than in the past
- Barriers to participation largely resulted from interactions between the individual’s condition and context
- While products and technologies and social support afforded participants a ‘safety net’ that helped participants feel more confident about being active
What are two big determinations of whether or not active individuals get over 10,000 steps per day?
- SELF EFFICACY
- being able to, knowing how to,
“someone taught them how” - SOCIAL CONNECTION
- doing it with someone, having someone to go with, having someone to meet you there and show you how
With the sSPECIALly Fit group, how did they ensure the skills would transfer to at home?
Transfer to home with support from DVD and telephone prompting
What was the successful approach taken to get youth with disabilities participating in activity?
Team Up For Fitness (TUFF)
Two strategies for developing fitness programs?
- Fostering motivations
(focus on motivation, not information) - Considerations for assisting people with disabilities (communication, etiquette, behaviour)
Designing Plans for People with Disabilities?
- ASSESS participants’ fitness and ability
- LEARN precautions and contraindications
- CHECK for restricted ROM
- CONSIDER emotional and behavioural status
- keep in mind impact of ability
- monitor RPE
- clothing, hydration, sickness
- adhere to typical stages of exercise
- stop immediately if abnormal symptoms
Components of a comprehensive exercise program?
- CR endurance
- muscular strength and endurance
- flexibility
- body comp
- balance
- pulmonary function
Accessible environments include what 5 things?
- Useable equipment
- Ensure use is safe
- Potential usefulness
- Alternative equipment and activities
- Choosing the environment
Velcro straps or additional supports as well as swing away or removable seats are examples of what aspect of accessible environments?
useable equipment
Body positioning and uncontrolled movements are examples of what aspect of accessible environments?
ensure use is safe
Can the participants perform at least one repetition of the exercise - example of what aspect of accessible environments?
potential usefulness
Elastic bands, wrist or ankle weights and aquatics, yoga, tai chi, and gardening are examples of what aspect of accessible environments?
alternative equipment and activities
Home vs gym, fee considerations, and aquatic vs land environment are examples of what aspect of accessible environments?
choosing the environment
Who benefits from PA?
Everyone
What should be an important goal for everyone?
fitness!
Barriers that people with disabilities encounter affect their right to what?
a healthy lifestyle
What is a secondary health condition?
- developing a disease because you have a disability
- eg. developing type II diabetes because you are in a wheelchair
What is a very common secondary health condition?
osteoporosis - if you can’t load your bones then you will lose density in them!
Why do people with SCI need to practice breathing? What are some exercises that help?
- Intercostal muscles tend to get really weak so just taking deep breaths really helps
Laughing and singing are good for this! - Yoga is too because it incorporates deep breathing.
