Fishes

Question 1

Gill arches of many teleosts are modified into powerful

Answer 1

pharyngeal jaws for chewing, grinding, and crushing

Question 2

What class is this?

Tough, leathery skin covered with placoid scales

Answer 2

Elasmobranchii

Question 3

what species: Slow swimming bc body shape generates too much frictional drag

Answer 3

eel

Question 4

What class is this?

United by the presence of
- Endochondral bone (replaces cartilage developmentally)
- Lungs or swim bladder (derived from gut)
- Several cranial and dental characters

Answer 4

Osteichthyes

Question 5

Tail is diphycercal with a small lobe between the upper and lower caudal lobes, producing a three-pronged structure

Answer 5

coelacanth

Question 6

Gas may be removed from SB in two ways

Answer 6

Physostomous
Physoclistous

Question 7

Sharks have large livers containing a lipid called […]

The liver acts like an oil sac that helps to compensate for a shark’s heavy body.

Answer 7

squalene

Question 8

A sperm of a different species initiates egg development, but does not contribute genetic material

Answer 8

gynogenesis

Question 9

What class is this?

Buccal pumping; with 5 to 7 gill slits in front of pectoral fins

Answer 9

Elasmobranchii

Question 10

lungfish or coelacanth:

SB modified as 1 or 2 lungs

Answer 10

Lungfishes (dipnoi)

Question 11

marine fishes: higher concentration of [..] in their blood than their environment

Answer 11

water

Question 12

What class is this?

no swim bladder

Answer 12

Chondrichthyes

Question 13

osmotic regulation in freshwater fishes

Answer 13

freshwater fish actively absorb NaCl across gills

to flush out excess water, the glomerular kidneys produce dilute urine by reabsorbing sodium chloride

Question 14

freshwater: higher concentration of […] in their blood than their environment

Answer 14

salt

Question 15

Swim bladders are fat-filled and not used for respiration

Answer 15

coelacanth

Question 16

lungfish or coelacanth:

marine

Answer 16

coelacanth (actinistia)

Question 17

What class is this?

Have a low-pressure circulatory system served by three accessory hearts in addition to the main heart positioned behind the gills.

Answer 17

Class Myxini

Question 18

What class is this?

paired fins supported primarily by dermal rays

Answer 18

Actinopterygii

Question 19

the only synchronous hermaphrodite known to self-fertilize

Answer 19

Mangrove jellyfish

Question 20

males that can change into females

Answer 20

protandus

Question 21

Synchronous hermaphrodites examples

Answer 21

parrotfish, salmon, sea bass, goby

Question 22

What class is this?

Heavy dermal armor replaced by light, thin, flexible cycloid and ctenoid scales.

Answer 22

Actinopterygii

Question 23

what species: Swept-back caudal fins shaped like a sickle
Such fin is the aquatic counterpart of the high-aspect wings of the fastest birds

Answer 23

Marlin, swordfish, amberjacks, and mackerel

Question 24

Actinopterygii characteristics .. they have

Answer 24

Large eyes
Heterocercal caudal fins
Thick, interlocking scales with an outer layer of a form of enamel called ganoin

Question 25

females that can change into males

Answer 25

protogenus

Question 26

South American (Lepidosiren) respiration

Answer 26

lungs respiration

Question 27

What class is this?

Asymmetrical heterocercal tail

Answer 27

Elasmobranchii

Question 28

lungfish or coelacanth:

three-lobed caudal fin

Answer 28

coelacanth (actinistia)

Question 29

African lungfishes (Protopterus) respiration

Answer 29

lungs respiration

Question 30

What class is this?

Fusiform or spindle-shaped body

Answer 30

Elasmobranchii

Question 31

What class is this?

nearly blind and hunts through barbels

Answer 31

Class Myxini

Question 32

What class is this?

These fishes had
- Diphycercal
- Powerful jaws
- Heavy, enameled scales
- Strong, fleshy, paired lobed fins

Answer 32

Sarcopterygii

Question 33

What class is this?

largest class of fishes

Answer 33

Osteichthyes

Question 34

What class is this?

Secretes fluid that becomes slimy in contact with seawater

Answer 34

Class Myxini

Question 35

lungfish or coelacanth:

freshwater

Answer 35

Lungfishes (dipnoi)

Question 36

In teleost, there are modifications in dorsal fins such as [3]

Answer 36

Lure of anglerfishes
Venom-delivering spines of scorpionfishes
Suctorial disc of sharksuckers

Question 37

Australian lungfishes (Neoceratodus) respiration

Answer 37

gill respiration

Question 38

What class is this?

Bony fishes

Answer 38

Osteichthyes

Question 39

What class is this?

Small fishes with
- Large eyes
- Heterocercal caudal fins
- Thick, interlocking scales with an outer layer of a form of enamel called ganoin

Answer 39

Actinopterygii

Question 40

What class is this?

single gill opening covered by operculum

Answer 40

Actinopterygii

Question 41

What class is this?

5 gill slits found on the anterior of each pectoral fin

Answer 41

Elasmobranchii

Question 42

osmotic regulation in marine fishes

Answer 42

a marine fish must drink seawater to replace water lost osmotically to the salty environment

Question 43

What class is this?

Can enter the prey’s (dead) body through the mouth

Answer 43

Class Myxini

Question 44

Sarcopterygii characteristics .. they have

Answer 44

Diphycercal
Powerful jaws
Heavy, enameled scales
Strong, fleshy, paired lobed fins