expanded_frog_flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the frog’s buccal cavity?

A

Intake of food and air.

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2
Q

What are the internal nares in frogs?

A

Openings that allow air into the buccal cavity.

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3
Q

What is the function of the frog’s tongue?

A

To catch prey with its sticky surface.

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4
Q

What structure leads to the lungs from the buccal cavity?

A

The glottis.

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5
Q

What are the Eustachian tubes in frogs?

A

Tubes that equalize ear pressure.

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6
Q

What is the largest organ in the frog’s abdominal cavity?

A

The liver.

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7
Q

What is the function of the frog’s liver?

A

Produces bile for digestion.

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8
Q

Where is bile stored in frogs?

A

In the gallbladder.

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9
Q

What is the function of the frog’s stomach?

A

To break down food using digestive enzymes.

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10
Q

Where does nutrient absorption occur in frogs?

A

In the small intestine.

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11
Q

What is the function of the large intestine in frogs?

A

To absorb water and form waste.

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12
Q

What is the role of the pancreas in frogs?

A

It secretes digestive enzymes and hormones.

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13
Q

What does the spleen do in frogs?

A

It filters blood and recycles red blood cells.

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14
Q

What organ filters waste from the blood in frogs?

A

The kidneys.

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15
Q

Where is urine stored in frogs?

A

In the urinary bladder.

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16
Q

What reproductive organs do male frogs have?

A

Testes.

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17
Q

What is the function of the testes in frogs?

A

Produce sperm for reproduction.

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18
Q

Where is sperm transported in male frogs?

A

Through the sperm ducts to the cloaca.

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19
Q

What reproductive organs do female frogs have?

A

Ovaries.

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20
Q

What is the function of the ovaries in frogs?

A

Produce eggs for reproduction.

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21
Q

Where are the eggs transported in female frogs?

A

Through the oviducts to the cloaca.

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22
Q

What is the cloaca in frogs?

A

A common chamber for excretion and reproduction.

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23
Q

What is the function of the kidneys in frogs?

A

Filter waste and produce urine.

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24
Q

What is the function of the bladder in frogs?

A

Stores urine before excretion.

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25
Q

What are fat bodies in frogs?

A

Yellowish structures that store energy.

26
Q

Why are fat bodies important during hibernation?

A

They provide energy when food is scarce.

27
Q

What is the pericardial cavity in frogs?

A

The space that surrounds the heart.

28
Q

What is the heart’s role in frogs?

A

Pumps blood throughout the body.

29
Q

How many chambers does a frog’s heart have?

A

Three chambers: two atria and one ventricle.

30
Q

What is the function of the lungs in frogs?

A

Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.

31
Q

How do frogs breathe besides using lungs?

A

Through their skin (cutaneous respiration).

32
Q

What are mesenteries in frogs?

A

Membranes that hold the intestines in place.

33
Q

What is the function of the diaphragm in frogs?

A

Frogs lack a diaphragm; breathing occurs through buccal pumping.

34
Q

What is the maxillary teeth function in frogs?

A

They hold prey but do not chew.

35
Q

What are vomerine teeth?

A

Teeth on the roof of the mouth used for gripping prey.

36
Q

What is the pharynx in frogs?

A

The cavity behind the mouth connecting to the esophagus.

37
Q

What is the function of the esophagus in frogs?

A

Carries food from the mouth to the stomach.

38
Q

What is the role of the peritoneum in frogs?

A

A membrane lining the abdominal cavity.

39
Q

What are the mesenteries in frogs?

A

Membranes that hold intestines and other organs in place.

40
Q

What is the rectum in frogs?

A

The last section of the digestive tract, storing waste before excretion.

41
Q

What is the hepatic portal vein in frogs?

A

A vein that transports blood from the digestive organs to the liver.

42
Q

What is the urinary duct in frogs?

A

A tube that transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

43
Q

What is the oviduct’s role in frogs?

A

Carries eggs from the ovaries to the cloaca.

44
Q

What is the fat body’s secondary function in frogs?

A

They provide buoyancy and thermal insulation.

45
Q

What is the adrenal gland in frogs?

A

A gland located on the kidneys that produces hormones.

46
Q

How does the circulatory system work in frogs?

A

The heart pumps oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood through the body.

47
Q

What is pulmonary respiration in frogs?

A

Breathing using the lungs.

48
Q

What is cutaneous respiration?

A

Breathing through the skin when submerged.

49
Q

What is the pericardium in frogs?

A

A membrane surrounding and protecting the heart.

50
Q

What is the role of the aortic arches in frogs?

A

Transporting blood from the heart to the body.

51
Q

What is the function of the frog’s brain?

A

Controls body functions, movement, and sensory processing.

52
Q

What is the optic lobe in frogs?

A

Processes visual information from the eyes.

53
Q

What is the olfactory lobe in frogs?

A

Processes smell information.

54
Q

What is the cerebellum’s role in frogs?

A

Controls muscle coordination and balance.

55
Q

What is the medulla oblongata?

A

Controls involuntary functions like heartbeat and respiration.

56
Q

What are the tympanic membranes in frogs?

A

Eardrum-like structures for detecting sound vibrations.

57
Q

What is the frog’s nictitating membrane?

A

A transparent eyelid that protects the eyes underwater.

58
Q

What is the function of the spinal cord in frogs?

A

Transmits nerve signals between the brain and the body.

59
Q

What are cloacal apertures in frogs?

A

Openings used for excretion, reproduction, and waste elimination.

60
Q

What is the function of the ventricle in the frog’s heart?

A

Pumps blood to the lungs and the rest of the body.