Fish Flashcards
4 functions of fish
Pet
Research and education
Conservation
Food
7 body structure of fish and its functions
Fins
Gills for gas exchange, osmoregulation, excretion
No bone marrow
Gas bladder to maintain neutral buoyancy in water
Lateral line as primary sense organs to detect underwater vibrations and determine direction of source
Kidney for immune, renal and haematopoietic function
Heart with 2 chambers
5 body structure of crustacean and its functions
Gills for gas exchange, osmoregulation and excretion
Carapace provide protection and structure of muscle attachment
Open circulation which haemolymph is not continuously flow within blood vessels
Hepatopancreas provide digestive enzymes and store and absorb food
Antennal gland as excretory organ with osmotic function
6 body structures of mollusc and its function
Gills for gas exchange, osmoregulation, filter feeding and excretion
Shell for protection and structure of muscle attachment
Open circulation which haemolymph is not continuously flow with blood vessels
Hepatopancreas produce digestive enzymes and store and absorb food
Foot for locomotion
Mantle forms cavity for internal organs and secretes shell
How does water flow in fish?
Firstly, water passes through mouth over the gills and out through operculum (pump and ram ventilation)
Secondly exchange of substance by simple diffusion in opposite direction as counter exchange system
Blood passing through the gills flows in the opposite direction to water passing over gill surface
4 parameters of water quality
Dissolved oxygen
Particulate matter
Ammonia
pH
Normal range of dissolved oxygen in water
6-14 mg/L
What does dissolved oxygen depends on?
Biological and chemical oxygen demand
Sources of dissolved oxygen
Simple diffusion and photosynthesis
3 Factors affecting dissolved oxygen
Day/ night
Temperature
Salinity
What happened to dissolved oxygen in low and high temperature conditions?
In low temperature, water moves slowly and oxygen dissolves in between the space
In high temperature, a higher metabolic rate for fish and requires a higher demand of oxygen
4 signs of low oxygen availability
Increased ventilation rate
Swim high in water column
Gasping
Decrease food consumption
3 sources of ammonia
Uneaten food
Decaying plants
Dead fish
What happened to fish when they are in high ammonia water?
Stress Gasping Reduced growth Immunocomprised Death
How to filtrate ammonia
Mechanical filtration using suspended solids to biological filtration using nitrogenous products
