First responder Meds Flashcards
Learning Meds
How does Salbutamol work
Salbutamol is a Bronchodilator that stimulates the Beta receptors.
It is absorbed through the liver and passed through the urine.
What is the Contras and Indications of Salbutamol
Contras: Known severe allergy
Cautions: None
Indications:
Bronchospasm secondary to Asthma or COPD
Bronchospasm secondary to airway burns, smoke inhalation or chest infection
Release syndrome
Hyperkalaemia
How does Adrenaline work
Adrenaline works in 3 different ways
Alpha 1: stimulation causes smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis
Beta 1: stimulation causes cardiac contractility and causes a increase in heart rate
Beta 2: stimulation causes vasodilation, bronchodilation and stabilization of mast cell membranes, reducing histamine release
What are the Contras and Indications of Adrenaline
Contraindications: None
Cautions: MI (will increase o2 consumption)
Tachydysthrmias (adrenaline will usually make it worse)
Indications
Cardiac arrest
Anaphylaxsis
Resp arrest from COPD
Severe bradycardia
Stridor
How does Panadol work?
Panadol Inhibits the production of prostaglandins resulting in a reduction of pain and fever
What are the Contras and Indications for Panadol
Contra: Known severe allergy
Cautions: Pt has taken in the last 4 hours
Known severe liver impairment
Indications: Mild - moderate pain
How does Ibuprofen work
Ibuprofen is a NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
It inhibits the activity prostaglandin synthetease therefore reducing the production of prostaglandin
What are the contras and indications of Ibuprofen
Contra: Known severe allergy
Pregnancy
Presence of sepesis, dehydration, shock or significant bleeding. can cause increase risk of bleeding or renal impairment.
Known worsening of bronchospasm with NSAIDS
Cautions:
Pt has taken in the last 4 hours
Abdo pain
Age greater or equal to 75
How does Ipratropium work?
Ipratropium is a bronchodilator, It is a anticholingeric agent which primeritaly blocks ACH receptors causing vagal inhibition resulting in bronchodilation
What are the Contras and indications for Ipratropium
Contra: Known severe allgergy
Cautions: none
Indications: Bronchospasm secondary to asthma or COPD Prominent bronchospasm secondary to airway burn, smoke inhalation or chest infection.
Usually used with Salbutomal
How does GTN work
GTN is a vasodilator
What are the Contras and Indications for GTN
Contras:
Known severe allergy
Systolic BP less than 100 mmHg
HR less than 40/min
HR greater than 150/min
VT
Cautions:
STEMI Involving the right ventricle
Frail patient
Signs of shock
Dysryhthmia
Known aortic or mitral stenosis
Indications:
MI
CPO
Control of hypertension
STEMI
Methoxyflurane
Methoxyflurane is a inhaled analgesic
What are the Contras and Indications for Methoxy
Contras:
Known severe allergy
History of malignant
Known renal impairment
Methoxy administered with in a week
Cautions:
Age greater or equal to 75
Pre-eclampsia (for renal impairment)
Acute exacerbation of chronic pain
Administered in a confined space
Indications:
Moderate to severe pain
How does Asprin work
Asprin is a antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase which results in the reduction in prostaglandins and thromboxane