Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 2 CK > First Aid Pediatrics > Flashcards

First Aid Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of UTI for pts below 1 yr old?

A

vesicoureteral reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the definition of sepsis?

A

SIRS + documented infection in the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most common 4 bugs for neonate septic shock?

A
  1. GBS
  2. E coli
  3. Listeria monocytogenes
  4. H influenzae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

most common 3 bugs for septic shock for kids?

A
  1. H. influenzae
  2. Pneumococcus
  3. Meningococcus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

best test for diagnosing congenital HIV for neonate?

A

DNA PCR (Not ELISA!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what bug causes tracheitis?

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

concerned parents come into ED with a 3 month old child saying that the child rolled off the couch, what should you be concerned?

A

child abuse (a child rolls front to back at 4-5 month)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

for child abuse, what is the characteristic of x-ray skeletal survey and bone scan?

A

they show fractures in various stages of healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name 2 tests that can be used to rule out head trauma (shaken baby syndrome)

A
  1. ophthalmologic exam for retinal hemorrhages

2. noncontrast CT for subdural hematomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a 1 yr old child comes in to ED with parents and you confirm infection of Chlamydia trachomatis of the child. Should you suspect sexual abuse?

A

Not necessarily. Chlamydia trachomatis can be acquired from the mother during the delivery and can persist up to 3 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the definitive evidence for sexual abuse?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated on a vaginal culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which is the choice of imaging test and what clues should you be looking to identify child abuse?

A

x ray skeletal survey and bone scan showing fractures in various stages of healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 5 cyanotic heart defects (Rt to Lt shunt)

A 
5Ts
Truncus arteriosus
Transposition of the great vessels
Tricuspid atresia
Tetrology of Fallot
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 3 noncyanotic heart defects

A

3Ds
VSD
ASD
PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what disorder is associated with asymmetric septal hypertrophy and transposition of the great vessels?

A

maternal diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what disorder is associated with heart failure in pediatric?

A

neonatal thyrotoxicosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

name 3 disorders that are associated with conotruncal abnormalities

A

tetralogy of fallot (overriding aorta)
truncus arteriosus
DiGeorge syndrome (tetralogy)
velocardiofacial syndrome

18
Q

what disorder is associated with congenital heart block?

A

neonatal lupus

19
Q

what are the 3 indications for surgical repair for ASD/VSD?

A
  1. symptomatic pts who fail medical management
  2. children less than 1 y/o with signs of pulmonary HTN
  3. older children with large defects that have not dec in size over time
20
Q

what is Holt-Oram syndrome?

A

absent radii, ASD, 1st degree heart block

21
Q

what syndrome is associated with VSD and below clinical presentations?

  • cranial deformities
  • fusion of the fingers and toes
A

Apert syndrome

22
Q

3 ECG findings for ASD?

A

RVH
Rt. atrial enlargement
PR prolongation

23
Q

ECG findings for VSD?

A

LVH (RVH may also be found with large defects.)

24
Q

A baby with a systolic murmur comes in for ehco. You find there is a defect and blood flow across the atrial/ventricular septum. What is your dx?

A

ASD

25
Q

a baby comes in with heart murmur who has easy fatigability, frequent resp infection, failure to thrive, what is your dx?

A

ASD

26
Q

a baby comes in with heart murmur who has easy fatigability, frequent resp infection, failure to thrive, dyspnea, CHF. what is your dx?

A

VSD

27
Q

what are the 4 diff dx for infants presenting in a shocklike state within the first few weeks of life?

A
  1. sepsis
  2. inborn errors of metabolism
  3. ductal-dependent congenital heart dz
  4. congenital adrenal hyperplasia
28
Q

what are the 2 echo findings from PDA?

A

Lt. atrial and ventricular enlargement

29
Q

name 3 congenital heart dz that requires PDA for survival?

A
  1. transposition of the great vessels
  2. TOF
  3. hypoplastic Lt heart
30
Q

a 1 y/o pt comes in with PDA and you want to use indomethacin, what questions must you ask to make sure it’s safe to use?

A

ask if the pt has had intraventricular hemorrhage

31
Q

more than 2/3 of coarctation of the aorta pts also have what?

A

bicuspid aortic valve

32
Q

what sign is seen on CXR for coarctation of the aorta?

A

“3” sign

33
Q

what sign is seen on barium filled esophagus for coarctation of the aorta?

A

E sign

34
Q

Explain CATCH22 for DiGeorge?

A 
Cardiac abnormality (transposition)
Abnormal facies (retrognathia, micrognathia, long face, short philtrum, low set ears)
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
22q11 deletion
35
Q

what is the most common cyanotic heart dz of newborns?

A

transposition of the great vessel

36
Q

what is the most common cyanotic heart dz of childhood?

A

tetralogy of fallot

37
Q

a newborn comes in and the CXR shows egg shaped silhouette and inc pulmonary vascular markings, what is your dx?

A

transposition of the great vessel

38
Q

a newborn with transposition of the great vessel comes in and you realize that the surgery is not feasible. You give prostaglandin to keep the PDA open, but fails. What is the best next step?

A

perform balloon atrial septostomy

39
Q

what is unique about CXR finding of TOF compared to VSD or transposition of the great vessel

A

in TOF, dec pulmonary vascular markings are found on CXR, whereas in VSD or transposition you see inc pulmonary vascular markings

40
Q

what is the appropriate gross motor milestone for 6 month old baby?

A

sits unassisted

41
Q

a 7 month old baby comes in and sees you without any anxiety, is this normal?

A

No, by 6 month, they should have stranger anxiety

Step 2 CK (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions