Dermatology First Aid Flashcards
chronic inflammatory skin dz that may be caused by hypersensitivity reaction to Malassezia furfur?
Seborrheic dermatitis
treatments for seborrheic dermatitis?
- selenium sulfate or zinc pyrithione shampoos for the scalp
- topical antifungal (ketoconazole)
- topical corticosteroid
characteristics of basal cell carcinoma?
slow growing, pearly, telangiectatic nodular lesion with rolled borders
clinical presentation of erythema multiforme?
target lesions on the palms, soles, and extensor
mech of erythema multiforme?
hypersensitivity reaction to a drug, drug metabolite, infectious trigger
What are the 6 ps of Lichen planus
Planar Purple Polygonal Pruritic Papules Plaques
what path is Lichen planus associated with?
hep C (also may induced by thiazides, quinines, beta blockers)
what kind of lines/striae do you see from Lichen planus?
Wickham striae (lacy white lines)
what are the most common causative organisms for dermatophyte (Tinea) infection?
- Trichophyton
- Microsporum
- Epidermophyton
what is the rules of 9 for body surface area?
head and each arm = 9%
back and chest each = 18%
Each leg = 18%
Perneum = 1%
what causes Tinea versicolor?
Malassezia spp (Pityrosporum spp.), not dermatophyte despite being called tinea)
what is the most effective treatment for severe psoriasis?
methotrexate
side effects for methotrexate?
hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, fatigue, and impaired memory.
skin characteristics of pityriasis rosea?
round to oval erthematous plaques covered with fine white scale (cigarette papaer) and often found on the trunk and proximal extremities
treatments for pityriasis rosea?
supportive (heals in 6-8 wks without any treatment)
clinical presentations of eythema nodosum?
1, painful, erythematous nodules on the pt’s anterior shins and slowly spread, turning brown or gray
- pretibial erythematous, tender nodules in a young woman
3 common causes for erythema nodosum?
- MCC: idiopathic
- strep pharyngitis
- hypersensitivity rxn to drugs (oral contraceptive, NSAIDs)
- sarcoidosis, TB, IBD
how is SJS different from TEN?
the epidermal separation of SJS involves less than 10% of body surface area, whereas in TEN involves more than 30%
what are the classical presentations of Stevens Johnson syndrome?
flu like prodrome followed by acute fever, typical rash, and ulcerated lesions on at least two mucous membranes
clinical presentation of 3rd degree burn?
area is painless, white, and charred
clinical presentation of 2nd degree burn?
the area is painful and blisters present
clinical presentation of 1st degree burn?
no blisters, capillary refill is intact, looks like sunburn
what antibodies are developed in pemphigus vulgaris?
intraepidermal desmogleins 1 and 3
treatments for pemphigus vulgaris?
high dose steroids (prednisone) + immunomodulatory (azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, IVIG, rituximab)
clinical presentations of Urticaria (Hives)?
common dermatologic problems consisting of pruritic edematous papules varying in size that appear/disappear in a matter hours
clinical presentation of schistosomiasis?
signs of cirrhosis, ascited, ankle edema, organomegaly, caput medusae
characteristics of chronic schistosomiasis?
eosinophilia, granuloma formation in tissues, peri-portal hepatic fibrosis
treatment drug for schistosomiasis?
praziquantel
choice of antibiotic used along with penicillin or vancomycin for the initial treatment of native valve bacterial endocarditis?
gentamicin
