Dermatology First Aid

Question 1

chronic inflammatory skin dz that may be caused by hypersensitivity reaction to Malassezia furfur?

Answer 1

Seborrheic dermatitis

Question 2

treatments for seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 2

1. selenium sulfate or zinc pyrithione shampoos for the scalp
2. topical antifungal (ketoconazole)
3. topical corticosteroid

Question 3

characteristics of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 3

slow growing, pearly, telangiectatic nodular lesion with rolled borders

Question 4

clinical presentation of erythema multiforme?

Answer 4

target lesions on the palms, soles, and extensor

Question 5

mech of erythema multiforme?

Answer 5

hypersensitivity reaction to a drug, drug metabolite, infectious trigger

Question 6

What are the 6 ps of Lichen planus

Answer 6

Planar
Purple
Polygonal
Pruritic
Papules
Plaques

Question 7

what path is Lichen planus associated with?

Answer 7

hep C (also may induced by thiazides, quinines, beta blockers)

Question 8

what kind of lines/striae do you see from Lichen planus?

Answer 8

Wickham striae (lacy white lines)

Question 9

what are the most common causative organisms for dermatophyte (Tinea) infection?

Answer 9

1. Trichophyton
2. Microsporum
3. Epidermophyton

Question 10

what is the rules of 9 for body surface area?

Answer 10

head and each arm = 9%

back and chest each = 18%

Each leg = 18%

Perneum = 1%

Question 11

what causes Tinea versicolor?

Answer 11

Malassezia spp (Pityrosporum spp.), not dermatophyte despite being called tinea)

Question 12

what is the most effective treatment for severe psoriasis?

Answer 12

methotrexate

Question 13

side effects for methotrexate?

Answer 13

hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, fatigue, and impaired memory.

Question 14

skin characteristics of pityriasis rosea?

Answer 14

round to oval erthematous plaques covered with fine white scale (cigarette papaer) and often found on the trunk and proximal extremities

Question 15

treatments for pityriasis rosea?

Answer 15

supportive (heals in 6-8 wks without any treatment)

Question 16

clinical presentations of eythema nodosum?

Answer 16

1, painful, erythematous nodules on the pt’s anterior shins and slowly spread, turning brown or gray

2. pretibial erythematous, tender nodules in a young woman

Question 17

3 common causes for erythema nodosum?

Answer 17

1. MCC: idiopathic
2. strep pharyngitis
3. hypersensitivity rxn to drugs (oral contraceptive, NSAIDs)
4. sarcoidosis, TB, IBD

Question 18

how is SJS different from TEN?

Answer 18

the epidermal separation of SJS involves less than 10% of body surface area, whereas in TEN involves more than 30%

Question 19

what are the classical presentations of Stevens Johnson syndrome?

Answer 19

flu like prodrome followed by acute fever, typical rash, and ulcerated lesions on at least two mucous membranes

Question 20

clinical presentation of 3rd degree burn?

Answer 20

area is painless, white, and charred

Question 21

clinical presentation of 2nd degree burn?

Answer 21

the area is painful and blisters present

Question 22

clinical presentation of 1st degree burn?

Answer 22

no blisters, capillary refill is intact, looks like sunburn

Question 23

what antibodies are developed in pemphigus vulgaris?

Answer 23

intraepidermal desmogleins 1 and 3

Question 24

treatments for pemphigus vulgaris?

Answer 24

high dose steroids (prednisone) + immunomodulatory (azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, IVIG, rituximab)

Question 25

clinical presentations of Urticaria (Hives)?

Answer 25

common dermatologic problems consisting of pruritic edematous papules varying in size that appear/disappear in a matter hours

Question 26

clinical presentation of schistosomiasis?

Answer 26

signs of cirrhosis, ascited, ankle edema, organomegaly, caput medusae

Question 27

characteristics of chronic schistosomiasis?

Answer 27

eosinophilia, granuloma formation in tissues, peri-portal hepatic fibrosis

Question 28

treatment drug for schistosomiasis?

Answer 28

praziquantel

Question 29

choice of antibiotic used along with penicillin or vancomycin for the initial treatment of native valve bacterial endocarditis?

Answer 29

gentamicin