First Aid-Gram +

Question 1

Beta Hemolytic bacteria

Answer 1

Staph Aureus, Strep Pneumo, Strep Agalactiae, Listeria

Question 2

What is the function of protein A? where is it found?

Answer 2

Staph Aureus. Protein A binds to the Fc region on IgG.
The Fc region on IgG is normally important in binding bacteria, so that macrophages can opsonize the bacteria.
Fc is also important in complement activation.

Question 3

Gram +, clusters of Cocci, , catalase +, caog +. What superantigen is associated with this bacteria?

Answer 3

Staph Aureus.

TSST-1, can cause scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock (vaginal or nasal tampons)

Question 4

Novobiocin sensitive, found on indwelling catheters because of its ability to make a biofilm.

Answer 4

Staph epidermis

Question 5

UTI, coag -, catalase +, novobiocin resistant

Answer 5

Staph saprophyticus

Question 6

Rusty sputum, encapsulated, lancet shaped, gram + diplococci. This organism is associated with what causing what conditions? and what is an important virulence factor which allows it inhabit many of these areas?

Answer 6

Strep Pneumo. (pneumococcus)
MOPS (meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis)
IgA protease (allows it break down IgA in mucus and increase survival of the organism)

Question 7

Associated with endocarditis, strep viridans is a group of bacteria that are catalase -, alpha hemolytic and resistant to what?

Answer 7

optochin

Strep pneumonia is sensitive to optochin

Question 8

S. sanguinis a viridans group strep, is notorious for causing what? by producing what protein?

Answer 8

Endocarditis bc it produces dextrans.

Dextrans– binds to fibrin plate aggregates (as seen on damaged valves)

Question 9

What is the Jones Criteria? what is it used to diagnose?

Answer 9

Joints, pancarditis, nodules, erythema marginatum, sydenham chorea.
Rheumatic fever from strep pyogenes.

Question 10

Strep pyogenes contains what protein that can give rise to rheumatic fever?

Answer 10

M proteins. molecular mimicry can lead to rheumatic fever and valvular disorder??

Question 11

Strep pyogenes is associated with what?

Answer 11

strep throat, impetigo, scarlet fever, necrotizing fascitis

Question 12

Which strep species must you screen pregnant women for?

Answer 12

Group B strep. Strep agalactiae.
Pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis in babies.
CAMP factor–Hippurate test.

Question 13

Penicillin G resistant and cause UTI, biliary tract infections, and sub acute endocarditis

Answer 13

Enterococci (group D strep)

Gamma hemolytic

Question 14

Strep Bovis

Answer 14

Bovis in the blood= cancer in the colon

Question 15

Diptheria

Answer 15

Exotoxin coded by B phage
inhibits protein synthesis (adp ribosylation of EF2)
Pseudomembranous pharyngitis
Elek test
gram positive rods (blue/red) granules

Question 16

Clostridia, what are the four types?

Answer 16

Tetani, botulinum, perfringens, difficile