First Aid Flashcards
What are the three objectives of first aid?
- Maintain breathing
- Stop bleeding
- Prevent or treat for shock
What are the 11 basic wounds?
- Fractures, open and closed
- Sucking chest wound
- Abdominal Evisceration
- Massive Hemorrhage with Amputation
- Laceration
- Electrical shock
- Smock inhalation
- Burns
- Hypothermia
- Heat Stress
- Puncture Wound
What is CAB and what should it be used?
Circulation, Airway, Breathing
On all of the basic wounds
Explain the 3 degrees of burns
1st degree - red skin, mild pain
2nd degree - red skin, blisters, severe pain
3rd degree - charred black skin/tissue, may or may not be painful due to nerve damage
What is the rule of 9’s?
Each part of body is approximately 9%, excepting arms which are 4.5% and genitals which are 1%
What are the three methods of controlling bleeding?
- Direct pressure
- Pressure points
- Tourniquet (Last resort)
What is the basic treatment for a suicide gesture or attempt?
Always assume that a suicide threat is real, never leave patient alone. Treat any self inflicted wounds as necessary and get them to a trained psychiatric professional.
What are the symptoms and treatment for a joint dislocation?
Rapid swelling and discoloration, loss of ability to use the joint, severe pain and muscle spasms, possible numbness and loss of pulse below the joint, and shock.
- Loosen clothing
- Place the victim in the most comfortable position possible
- Support the injured part by means of a sling, pillows, bandages, splints, etc..
- Treat for shock
- Get medical help
When and why would a cold/heat pack be used on a sprain?
Cold pack is applied for the first 24 - 48 hours to reduce swelling and control internal hemorrhaging, then moist heat can be applied for short periods (15-30min) to promote healing.
