FIP and FIA

Question 1

What causes FIP? How is it transmitted? Where in the body does it replicate?

Answer 1

Feline coronavirus
Oronasal transmission
In enterocytes

Question 2

What are the clinical signs of FIP?

Answer 2

Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Upper resp signs

Question 3

What are the possible outcomes of a feline coronavirus infection?

Answer 3

Transient infection
Persistent infection
FIP
Resistance to infection

Question 4

Outline the pathogenesis of FIP…

Answer 4

Immune complex disease characterised by:
Vasculitis
Complement activation
Excessive cytokine production

Question 5

Outline the pathophysiology of FIP…

Answer 5

Viral antigens bind with anti-viral antibodies and complement => complement fixation => release of vasoactive amines => endothelial cell retraction => increased vascular permeability => protein rich exudate, neutrophils release enzymes and vessel wall necrosis

Question 6

What are the early clinical signs of FIP?

Answer 6

Pyrexia
Inappetence, weight loss
Diarrhoea
Dehydration
Icterus

Question 7

What are the clinical signs of effusive FIP?

Answer 7

Ascites
Dyspnoea
Pericardial effusion

Question 8

Is the effusive or non-effusive form of FIP more common?

Answer 8

Effusive

Question 9

How is FIP diagnosed?

Answer 9

History and clinical signs
Physical exma
Lab/imaging findings
Histopath only way to confirm

Question 10

What haem/biochemistry results are expected with FIP?

Answer 10

Lymphopenia
Neutrophilia + LS
Mild non-regenerative anaemia
Hyperglobulinaemia
Hyperbilirubinaemia
Not azotaemic
May be normal

Question 11

What fluid analysis results are expected with FIP?

Answer 11

Clear, straw-yellow colour
High protein >35g/L
Viscous, frothy when shaken
Variable cellularity

Question 12

Why can’t IFA or ELISA diagnose FIP?

Answer 12

IFA/ELISA tests don’t distinguish cats infected with FCoV or FIP

Question 13

What is seen on biopsy/PME with FIP?

Answer 13

Light plaques on serosal surfaces
Adhesions of omentum and mesentery
Liver, spleen, kidney, omentum and mesentery affected

Question 14

What is the prognosis for FIP? How is it treated?

Answer 14

Grave - no cure

• Supportive treatment
• Immune modulators
• Glucocorticoids

Question 15

How is FIP prevented?

Answer 15

Vaccination - Primucell intranasal

Question 16

What causes FIA?

Answer 16

Haemoplasmas - small epicellular parasites

e.g. Mycoplasma haemofelis

Question 17

Outline the pathogenesis of FIA…

Answer 17

Mycoplasma attaches to RBCs => Immune-mediated destruction of RBCs => More susceptivle to concurrent disease => Reactivation and reccurrence possible

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma haemofelis?

Answer 18

Associated with anaemia
Pleimorphic - rod/ring/spherical
G -ve

Question 19

How can FIA be transmitted?

Answer 19

Fleas
Blood transfusion
Queens to neonates
Fights?
Oral?

Question 20

What causes anaemia in FIA?

Answer 20

Direct damage to RBC

Immune-mediated injury

Question 21

What are the clinical signs of acute FIA?

Answer 21

Lethargy
Inappetence/anorexia
Pyrexia
Anaemia
Splenomegaly
Icterus

Question 22

What are the clinical signs of chronic FIA?

Answer 22

Normal/low temperature
Weakness
Depression
Weight loss

Question 23

What is expected on CBC results in FIA?

Answer 23

Regenerative anaemia
Erythrophagocytosis, autoagglutination
Variable leukocyte count

Question 24

How is M. haemofelis deteced?

Answer 24

Fresh blood smear
PCR
Evaluation for other disease

Question 25

Give 2 likely concurrent disease that occur with FIA..

Answer 25

FeLV

FIV

Question 26

How is FIA treated?

Answer 26

Doxycycline
Flea control
Blood transfusion if nec
Preds

Question 27

What are ADR of doxycycline?

Answer 27

GIT irritation
Abdominal discomfort
V+
Inappetence
Oesophageal stricture formation

Question 28

What are DDx for FIA?

Answer 28

FeLV induced haemolytic anaemia

IMHA