fingerprints

Question 1

What does SWGFAST stand for?

Answer 1

scientific working group on friction ridge analysis, study and technology

Question 2

what is the present day name for SWGFAST and what does it stand for?

Answer 2

OSAC: organization of scientific area committees

Question 3

what are palmar ridges?

Answer 3

bottom of hands

Question 4

what are plantar ridges?

Answer 4

bottom of feet

Question 5

When does a fingerprint form?

Answer 5

6 month fetus (6 months pregnant)

Question 6

what two people have the maximum genetic similarity/fingerprint similarity?

Answer 6

twins

Question 7

how many sq. meters does skin cover?

Answer 7

1.5 to 2

Question 8

how thick is skin?

Answer 8

2mm on palms, 4mm on heels, 0.5 on eyelids

Question 9

what is the function of skin:

Answer 9

1. container for skeleton
2. sensory input
3. elimination of waste
4. gripping objects

Question 10

what does sweat contain?

Answer 10

salts, amino acids, ammonia, and urea

Question 11

what are the layers of skin

Answer 11

epidermis, and dermis

Question 12

where are new skin cells formed?

Answer 12

adjacent to the dermis

Question 13

what is the epidermis?

Answer 13

1. outer layer of skin
2. protective barrier
3. constantly replacing cells
4. consists of 5 layers

Question 14

what is the dermis?

Answer 14

1. inner layer of skin
2. thick, fibrous and elastic giving skin flexibility and strength
3. contains nerves, sweat glands, and blood vessels
4. layer of connective tissue to support epidermis
5. part of sensory reception and temperature regulation process

Question 15

what components are in fingerprint secretions?

Answer 15

99% water
organic and inorganic salts
amino acids
fats

Question 16

what are the three levels of fingerprint detail?

Answer 16

1. pattern,
2. ridge characteristics, and
3. pores, ridge endings

Question 17

what are the three categories in level 1 details?

Answer 17

loop, whorl, and arch

Question 18

how many ridge characteristics does one finger contain?

Answer 18

150

Question 19

what is level 3 details?

Answer 19

position of pores, edge shapes, creases, scars, and incipient ridges

Question 20

can level 3 details be used to identify a fingerprint?

Answer 20

not on their own

Question 21

what are incipient ridges?

Answer 21

immature friction ridge, thinner than those around it. not fully formed and may appear shorter and thinner in appearance.

Question 22

What are the types of incipient ridges?

Answer 22

false, rudimentary, or nascent

Question 23

what does ACE-V mean?

Answer 23

Analysis, comparison, evaluation, and verification

Question 24

what happens during the Analysis step?

Answer 24

pattern and ridge characteristics of unknown impression are observed and noted

Question 25

what would be included in notes about fingerprints?

Answer 25

substrate, matrix, deposition pressure, development medium, anatomical aspects, and clarity

Question 26

what happens in the Comparison step?

Answer 26

observation of two or more impressions to determine the existence of discrepancies, dissimilarities, or similarities

Question 27

what happens during the evaluation step?

Answer 27

assesses the value of the details observed during the analysis and comparison and reaches a conclusion.

Question 28

is the evaluation step subjective or objective?

Answer 28

subjective in nature

Question 29

what are the outcomes of evaluation?

Answer 29

• identification/individualization
• exclusion
• inconclusive

Question 30

how do you label a finger print?

Answer 30

• circle with wax pencil or dry erase,
• use letter R or L with subsequent numbers,
• an arrow if direction helps
• date and initials
• scale close to the edge
• powder scale and circle

Question 31

How can you check if the packaging procedure you are using is correct?

Answer 31

refer to the CFS handbook