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csi > Firearms and Toolmarks > Flashcards

Firearms and Toolmarks Flashcards

1
Q

How much was criminal use of firearms increased from 2009-2019?

A

81%

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2
Q

how many homicides involving firearms in 2020?

A

277

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3
Q

what percentage of homixides involve a firearm?

A

37.2

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4
Q

T/F: drug crime always involves weapons

A

false cause not always

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5
Q

what are commonly used illegal drugs in canada?

A
  • MDMA
  • acid (LSD)
  • meth
  • coke
  • speed
  • heroine
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6
Q

how many poppyseeds/grains of sand worth of fentanyl is lethal?

A

7 seeds or 32 grains of sand

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7
Q

T/F: there is another more lethal type of fentanyl. if true what is its name

A

true carfentanyl

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8
Q

what drug reverses effect of opioid overdose?

A

naloxone

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9
Q

what should you include in a drug scene examination?

A
  • photographs
  • fingerprinting of evidence
  • drug seizures (done by drug unit member)
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10
Q

T/F: drugs are stored at forensic units

A

false

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11
Q

what are the types of firearms?

A

hand guns and long guns

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12
Q

what are the types of hand guns?

A

revolver and pistol

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13
Q

what is a pistol?

A
  • handgun with a single barrel and chamber
  • fires a chambered round
  • extracts and ejects empty casing
  • loads a new round with each trigger pull
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14
Q

what is a pistol?

A
  • handgun with a cylinder that has multiple chambers
  • when trigger is pulled, cylinder rotates around a central pin to align the next chamber with the firing pin
  • one bullet per trigger pull
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15
Q

T/F: a single action handgun cocks then drops the hammer with the pull of a trigger.

A

false

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16
Q

how does a single action gun work?

A

hammer must be cocked manually then trigger pulled to fire the gun each time

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17
Q

define a double action handgun.

A

fired with one pull of the trigger which drops the hammer

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18
Q

what ammo is used for rifles and shotguns?

A

bullets and shells

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19
Q

what is the difference between ammo types in long guns?

A

shell: has a bunch of ball shaped projectiles called shot

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20
Q

T/F: shotguns have grooves and lands

A

false

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21
Q

what are the raised and lowered portions in rifling called?

A

lands and grooves

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22
Q

is a 10 gauge shotgun small barreled?

A

no

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23
Q

what is a repeating shotgun?

A

mechanical instrument to eject spent shot shell, load a new round and cock the hammer after round is fired

24
Q

what three subtypes of repeating shotgun are there?

A
  • pump
  • bolt
  • lever action
25
Q

what are semi-automatic shotguns?

A

uses the force of gas during firing to eject the spent cartridge to load a new round and cock the hammer

26
Q

define a break open action shotgun,

A

must be loaded each time its fired, trigger needs to be pulled each time

27
Q

what is a repeating rifle?

A

has a mechanical instrument to eject spent cartridge, load a new round and cock the hammer after round is done

28
Q

what are types of repeating rifles?

A
  • pump
  • bolt
  • lever action
  • semi-automatic
29
Q

what is live ammunition referred to as?

A

cartridge not yet fired

30
Q

what is included in ammunition cartridge cases?

A

primer, gunpowder, and a bullet

31
Q

what might be recovered after a shot has been fired?

A

fired bullet and cartridge case

32
Q

what primer is most common?

A

centre fire

33
Q

what is on the base of a cartridge case?

A

manufacturers name and tradmark

34
Q

how are cartridges measured?

A

metric (ie 9mm) or imperial (0.22 or 0.357)

35
Q

how can you identify a firearm?

A
  • serial number
  • manufacturer
  • type of firearm
  • loaded/unloaded/chambered
  • descriptive characteristics (accidental characteristics)
  • semi-automatic vs. fully automatic
36
Q

how do you link firearms to scenes?

A
  • striations in fired bullet
  • gunpowder residue pattern
  • trajectory, ricochet, bullet holes
  • fingerprints (rare)
  • firing pin impressions
  • ejector and extractor marks
  • bullet damage to tissue
  • dna
37
Q

how long is GSR on hands?

A

within 8 hours of the incident

38
Q

what is IBIS?

A

integrated ballistics identification system

39
Q

what is the purpose of IBIS?

A

tool that enables comparisons and linkages that may exist amonst firearms cases submitted for examination

40
Q

what is CIBIN?

A

canadian integrated ballistics identification network

41
Q

what is the purpose of cibin?

A

assist police in linking crime scenes or crime scene items to firearms

42
Q

who maintains CIBIN?

A

RCMP

43
Q

what does penetrate mean ;)

A

to enter an object and stay in it

44
Q

what does perforate mean?

A

to pass all the way through an object

45
Q

what should be done in a shooting scene examination?

A
  • document: notes, photos, sketch, etc.
  • search
  • suspects (swab hands, clothes, vehicles etc.)
  • examine victim
  • submit to CFS
46
Q

T/F: you should treat all guns as unloaded

A

false

47
Q

how should a gun exhibit be entered?

A

proving it is safe and the action open

48
Q

how should you pick up a gun?

A

hold by trigger guard or barrel to not have any fingerprint alterations

49
Q

where should you swab on a gun?

A

textured area of the grip and or the slide

50
Q

T/F: during the manufacturing process most tools have unique microscopic characteristics

A

true

51
Q

on a cut wire how can you tell a specific tool?

A

the class characteristics will mark the surfaces

52
Q

what are the conclusions in examinations?

A
  1. identification
  2. inconclusive
  3. elimination
  4. unsuitable
53
Q

how do you document toolmarks?

A
  • notes
  • photos
  • casts of marks
54
Q

what is the most common impression cast material?

A

mikrosil

55
Q
A

csi (10 decks)

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