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blood bank > Finals - transfusion reaction > Flashcards

Finals - transfusion reaction Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) Blood transfusion is a permanent treatment

A

false

temporary

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2
Q

____ any adverse response by the recipient during or after transfusion of blood or blood products, some are preventable

A

transfusion reaction

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3
Q

_____ classification of transfusion reactions

A

immune and non-immune (immediate or delayed)

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4
Q

____ is when Signs and symptoms occur during the transfusion or within 24 hours after, by antibodies already present in the recipient’s circulation

A

Immediate/Acute non-immune TR

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5
Q

____ what do the ff stand for: TRIALI, TACO

A

Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury

Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload

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6
Q

which of the ff transfusion related fatalities is the most common occurrence in the past years?

a. HTR-ABO
b. HTR - non ABO
c. TRIALI
d. anaphylaxis

A

C

43% of fatalities in 2010
33% in 2011

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7
Q

(T/F) HTR-ABO fatalities is the lowest among transfusion related fatalities

A

true

~ 3-11%

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8
Q

____ when RBCs are rapidly destroyed and its products are released into the circulation

A

intravascular hemolysis (in IHTR)

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9
Q

___ list the the signs of IHTR (7)

A 
Hemoglobinuria
Abnormal bleeding at the surgical site
Hypotension
unconsciousness (?)
fever
pain
increased heart rate

more on pg 23, lec 10

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10
Q

___ list the possible outcomes of IHTR (3)

A

Shock
Acute renal failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

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11
Q

____ list the antibodies (abs) most commonly implicated in IHTR

A

Anti-A
Anti-K
Anti-Jka
Anti-Fya

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12
Q

(T/F) the abs involved in IHTR does not activate complement

A

false

it can!!!!

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13
Q

which of the ff is the antibody that is the most common culprit in IHTRs?

a. Anti-A
b. Anti-K
c. Anti-Jka
d. Anti-Fya

A

A

42%

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14
Q

(T/F)immune mediated hemolysis of RBCs are initiated by the primary exposure of patient to incompatible RBCs

A

false

2ndary - when Ag-Ab (incompatible rbc - patient ab) complexes form

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15
Q

(T/F) in intravascular HTR, Complement is INcompletely activated and NO free hemoglobin, RBC enzymes or RBC stroma are released into the circulation

A

false

this is for extravascular

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16
Q

___ these cells are involved in extravascular IHTR

A

macrophages

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17
Q

____ the immediate action when signs of transfusion rxn is observed

A

STOP THE TRANSFUSION

18
Q

____ treatment for acute renal failure in IHTR to induce kidney function and diuresis

A

furosemide

19
Q

(T/F) treatments for extravascular IHTR are also needed

A

F

therapy not needed (kay wala may products na irelease sa plasma ?)

20
Q

___ list the sources of error for IHTR

A 
incorrect:
Identification of recipient
Sample collection and labeling
Donor unit identification
Patient testing
21
Q

(T/F) intravascular hemolysis also usually occurs in DELAYED HTRs

A

false

usually extravascular

22
Q

(T/F) DHTR is usually because patient was sensitized before by transplant, transfusion, pregnancy

A

true

23
Q

which of the ff is false about DHTR?

a. mixed field agglutination is usually seen
b. Liver failure is involved
c. signs usually seen in anamnestic response
d. usually DAT neg

A

D

3 – 7 days after trans the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is posi.ve with a mixed field pattern of agglutination

24
Q

(T/F) in DHTR,

A

true

25
Q

which of the ff is false about DHTR?

a. c3d may be present on the RBCs
b. typically do not bind complement
c. is detected serologically
d. symptoms are more severe than IHTR

A

D

milder symptoms

26
Q

___ Anamnestic response in DHTR that does not result in

hemolysis

A

delayed serologic transfusion

reaction (DSTR)

27
Q

___ most common sign in DHTR

A

mild fever with/without chills

28
Q

__ list the ab involved in DHTR

A 
Rh antibodies (mainly −c, −E & −C)
Kidd abs (Jka most often implicated)
Duffy abs (Fy)
K abs
29
Q

___ list the signs of DHTR

A

DAT pos
mild fever with/without chills
Moderate jaundice

30
Q

__ a 1⁰C increase in temperature associated with transfusion, may involve chills and rigor

A

Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)

31
Q

which of the ff is false about FNHTR?

a. caused by HLA antibodies
b. can be prevented by antipyretics
c. can be stimulated by tissue transplantation
d. pyrogens are involved

A

all are true :)

32
Q

(T/F) FNHTR involves C5a complement activation

A

true

33
Q

___ preventative measure for FNHTR

A

Leukocyte reduced blood

Pre-medicate the pa.ent with antipyretics

34
Q

___ an allergic transfusion reaction

A

Anaphylactic Transfusion Reactions

35
Q

which of the ff is false about Anaphylactic Transfusion Reactions?

a. involves fever
b. signs appear after exposure to few ml of plasma or blood products
c. can cause shock and death
d. associated with IgA

A

A

no fever

36
Q

____ list the signs and symptoms of TRALI

A

*pulmonary edema
*Chills, Fever
*Hypotension
Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Tachycardia
Hypoxemia

37
Q

which of the ff about TRALI is false?
a. main cause: passive transfer of HLA to recepient
b. recipient has WBC abs that react with donor transfused WBC antigens
c. Blood components containing plasma are
always involved
d. symptoms are immediate

A

all is true :)

38
Q

(T/F) male only plasma transfusion is used as a preventative measure for TRALI

A

true

39
Q

___ list the bacteria involved in transfusion reactions

A
  • Yersinia enterocolitica
    – Serra-a liquefaciens
    – Psuedomonas fluorescens
40
Q

(T/F) gram positive bacteria involved in bacterial contamination of blood can survive in 4C

A

false first part

G- only!

41
Q

(T/F) bacterial contamination in platelets are mostly by G+ organisms

A

true

Staphylococcus spp.
Bacillus cereus

42
Q

___ list other possible causes of TRs

A 
Physically or Chemically Induced TRs
Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload
(TACO)
Post-Transfusion Purpura (PTP)
Transfusion-Associated Graft-versus Host
Disease (TA-GVHD)
Iron Overload

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