Finals - transfusion reaction Flashcards
(T/F) Blood transfusion is a permanent treatment
false
temporary
____ any adverse response by the recipient during or after transfusion of blood or blood products, some are preventable
transfusion reaction
_____ classification of transfusion reactions
immune and non-immune (immediate or delayed)
____ is when Signs and symptoms occur during the transfusion or within 24 hours after, by antibodies already present in the recipient’s circulation
Immediate/Acute non-immune TR
____ what do the ff stand for: TRIALI, TACO
Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury
Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload
which of the ff transfusion related fatalities is the most common occurrence in the past years?
a. HTR-ABO
b. HTR - non ABO
c. TRIALI
d. anaphylaxis
C
43% of fatalities in 2010
33% in 2011
(T/F) HTR-ABO fatalities is the lowest among transfusion related fatalities
true
~ 3-11%
____ when RBCs are rapidly destroyed and its products are released into the circulation
intravascular hemolysis (in IHTR)
___ list the the signs of IHTR (7)
Hemoglobinuria Abnormal bleeding at the surgical site Hypotension unconsciousness (?) fever pain increased heart rate
more on pg 23, lec 10
___ list the possible outcomes of IHTR (3)
Shock
Acute renal failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
____ list the antibodies (abs) most commonly implicated in IHTR
Anti-A
Anti-K
Anti-Jka
Anti-Fya
(T/F) the abs involved in IHTR does not activate complement
false
it can!!!!
which of the ff is the antibody that is the most common culprit in IHTRs?
a. Anti-A
b. Anti-K
c. Anti-Jka
d. Anti-Fya
A
42%
(T/F)immune mediated hemolysis of RBCs are initiated by the primary exposure of patient to incompatible RBCs
false
2ndary - when Ag-Ab (incompatible rbc - patient ab) complexes form
(T/F) in intravascular HTR, Complement is INcompletely activated and NO free hemoglobin, RBC enzymes or RBC stroma are released into the circulation
false
this is for extravascular
___ these cells are involved in extravascular IHTR
macrophages
____ the immediate action when signs of transfusion rxn is observed
STOP THE TRANSFUSION
____ treatment for acute renal failure in IHTR to induce kidney function and diuresis
furosemide
(T/F) treatments for extravascular IHTR are also needed
F
therapy not needed (kay wala may products na irelease sa plasma ?)
___ list the sources of error for IHTR
incorrect: Identification of recipient Sample collection and labeling Donor unit identification Patient testing
(T/F) intravascular hemolysis also usually occurs in DELAYED HTRs
false
usually extravascular
(T/F) DHTR is usually because patient was sensitized before by transplant, transfusion, pregnancy
true
which of the ff is false about DHTR?
a. mixed field agglutination is usually seen
b. Liver failure is involved
c. signs usually seen in anamnestic response
d. usually DAT neg
D
3 – 7 days after trans the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is posi.ve with a mixed field pattern of agglutination
(T/F) in DHTR,
true
which of the ff is false about DHTR?
a. c3d may be present on the RBCs
b. typically do not bind complement
c. is detected serologically
d. symptoms are more severe than IHTR
D
milder symptoms
___ Anamnestic response in DHTR that does not result in
hemolysis
delayed serologic transfusion
reaction (DSTR)
___ most common sign in DHTR
mild fever with/without chills
__ list the ab involved in DHTR
Rh antibodies (mainly −c, −E & −C) Kidd abs (Jka most often implicated) Duffy abs (Fy) K abs
___ list the signs of DHTR
DAT pos
mild fever with/without chills
Moderate jaundice
__ a 1⁰C increase in temperature associated with transfusion, may involve chills and rigor
Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)
which of the ff is false about FNHTR?
a. caused by HLA antibodies
b. can be prevented by antipyretics
c. can be stimulated by tissue transplantation
d. pyrogens are involved
all are true :)
(T/F) FNHTR involves C5a complement activation
true
___ preventative measure for FNHTR
Leukocyte reduced blood
Pre-medicate the pa.ent with antipyretics
___ an allergic transfusion reaction
Anaphylactic Transfusion Reactions
which of the ff is false about Anaphylactic Transfusion Reactions?
a. involves fever
b. signs appear after exposure to few ml of plasma or blood products
c. can cause shock and death
d. associated with IgA
A
no fever
____ list the signs and symptoms of TRALI
*pulmonary edema
*Chills, Fever
*Hypotension
Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Tachycardia
Hypoxemia
which of the ff about TRALI is false?
a. main cause: passive transfer of HLA to recepient
b. recipient has WBC abs that react with donor transfused WBC antigens
c. Blood components containing plasma are
always involved
d. symptoms are immediate
all is true :)
(T/F) male only plasma transfusion is used as a preventative measure for TRALI
true
___ list the bacteria involved in transfusion reactions
- Yersinia enterocolitica
– Serra-a liquefaciens
– Psuedomonas fluorescens
(T/F) gram positive bacteria involved in bacterial contamination of blood can survive in 4C
false first part
G- only!
(T/F) bacterial contamination in platelets are mostly by G+ organisms
true
Staphylococcus spp.
Bacillus cereus
___ list other possible causes of TRs
Physically or Chemically Induced TRs Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO) Post-Transfusion Purpura (PTP) Transfusion-Associated Graft-versus Host Disease (TA-GVHD) Iron Overload
