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Biology > Finals Semester 1 > Flashcards

Finals Semester 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

How many variables should there be in a scientific experiment?

A

1

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1
Q

What is the first step of the scientific method?

A

Write question or problem

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2
Q

What is the most appropriate measurement to measure the distance from GCJHS to Indianapolis?

A

Kilometers

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3
Q

What type of graph would you create if you wanted to show how the population of elephants has changed over time?

A

Line graph

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4
Q

What is ecology?

A

Scientific study of all living things in their environment

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5
Q

What does an ecosystem consist of?

A

Organisms, dead matter, food, water, biotic and abiotic factors, community of organisms, energy, weather

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6
Q

What is the difference between producers and consumers? Give an example of each

A

Producers- make their own food (Sunflowers)

Consumers-eat other animals and other consumers (Lions)

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7
Q

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

A

Food chain is only one (Flows through ecosystem)

Food web is multiple food chains (Flows through environment)

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8
Q

What is the difference between herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores?

A

Herbivores- eat plants
Carnivores-eat meat
Omnivores-eat both

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9
Q

In a food web which type of organism received energy from every other type?

A

Decomposer

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10
Q

How many trophic levels can be in an ecological energy pyramid?

A

Levels are limited by amount of energy lost at each level

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11
Q

If an animal becomes extinct, what effect would it have on its predators?

A

The predators population will go down and die out

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12
Q

Define succession

A

When one thing replaces another

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13
Q

How does ecosystem disruption affect biodiversity?

A

It can kill an entire ecosystem

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14
Q

Which of the following processes is not primarily caused by humans? Air pollution, the greenhouse effect, thinning of the ozone layer, or increased carbon dioxide levels.

A

Greenhouse effect

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15
Q

How did humans affect the carbon cycle?

A

They produce more Carbon than needed, burn fossil fuels, and we breathe air

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16
Q

When an organism dies what happens to the nitrogen in its body?

A

It is released by the action of decomposers

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17
Q

How could the kudzu cause problems for the native species in the United States?

A

It takes away sunlight, food, and water from the plant

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18
Q

What would happen if decomposers were removed from ecosystem?

A

Nutrients would never be recycled

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19
Q

Give an example of parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.

A

Parasitism-ticks
Commensalism- fishies on sharkies
Mutualism-bees and flowers

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20
Q

Define zone of tolerance

A

The level of tolerance animals can stand (Anything best fit for survival)

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21
Q

Define limiting factor and give examples of limiting factors

A

Resources that are scarce- food, water, space

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22
Q

Which macromolecule provides energy?

A

Carbohydrates

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23
Q

Why is a high body temperature dangerous?

A

It can damage cells and enzymes do not work

24
Q

Which element forms many of the complex chain and ring molecules to make carbohydrates and lipids?

A

Carbon

25
Q

Which macromolecule do cells use for high-energy bonds?

A

Lipids

26
Q

Which class of biological molecule includes enzymes in the structures that determine most observable traits in living things?

A

Protein (Protein = Enzymes)

27
Q

Which characteristic of an enzyme is generally most important to its function?

A

The shape of Active site

28
Q

Which elements are used in making most of the organic molecules in living organisms?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

29
Q

How is the shape of an enzyme related to its function?

A

Specific enzyme fits a specific substrate (Like lock and key)

30
Q

How does this even get the matter he needs to build itself and its body?

A

Eating food that contains proteins

31
Q

How does an enzyme influence of biological reaction?

A

The amount of activation energy needed is lowered

32
Q

Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule?

A

Protein

33
Q

An organism’s genetic information is stored in which type of macromolecule?

A

Nucleic acids and DNA

34
Q

What substance on the plasma membrane helps identify kennel signals from outside the cell?

A

Carbohydrate chains

35
Q

When looking at a cell how can you determine if it is a bacteria, plants, or animal cell?

A

Size, shape, vacuole, and cell wall

36
Q

What is the major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

A

Facilitated diffusion-high to low (passive transport)

Active transport-uses the energy to move substances

37
Q

A glance I was placed in a hypotonic solution. what will happen to the plant cell?

A

Swell

38
Q

What types of materials are expelled from cells during exocytosis?

A

Hormones and large particles

39
Q

What is the ultimate energy source driving the biogeochemical cycles?

A

Sunlight

40
Q

What is the primary function of DNA?

A

Stores genetic information

41
Q

What is the nucleus’s function

A

Stores DNA

42
Q

Function of the cell (plasma) membrane

A

Allows certain substances to pass through

43
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Energy production

44
Q

Function of the lysosome

A

Cleans up cell

45
Q

Function of the vacuole

A

Stores food and water

46
Q

Nucleolus’s function

A

Forms ribosomes

47
Q

Function of the Golgi apparatus

A

Packages proteins and ships out of cell

48
Q

Function of ribosome

A

Site of protein synthesis

49
Q

Function of the chloroplast

A

Produces food using energy from the sun

50
Q

How is energy stored in mitochondria?

A

ATP

51
Q

If a cell contains membrane-bound organelles, what type of cell is it?

A

Eukaryotic

52
Q

Cells have a 0.9% NaCl concentration. What would happen to a cell placed in pure water?

A

Swell

53
Q

What process would allow a very large molecule to move into a cell

A

Endocytosis

54
Q

What are cilia and flagella used for

A

Locomotion and feeding

55
Q

Explain the function of an enzyme and describe how it accomplishes it

A

Speeds up activation energy needed to speed up a chemical reaction by fitting a substrate into an enzyme in an active site

56
Q

Compare and contrast plant and animal cells

A 
Alike-
- have nucleus
- have cell membrane
Different- 
-plant cell has cell membrane
- plant cell is circular and animal cell is round
57
Q

Describe consequences of zebra muscles in nonnative species

A

Have no natural predator so they use resources needed for native species to survive

Biology (9 decks)

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