Chapter 10 And 11 Study Guide Flashcards
The process during which genetic segments of DNA are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes
Crossing over
Who was known as the “father” of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
Mendel’s finding that the inheritance of one trait has no effect on the inheritance of another became known as
Law of independent assortment
The offspring of the P1 generation is called the what generation
F1
A homozygous organism could have the genotypes
RR and rr
Which genes are shown when heterozygous individuals show a blended intermediate phenotype
Incomplete dominance
Genes seen when both alleles for a gene are expressed together side by side in heterozygous offspring
Codominance
You cross a red flowering plant with a yellow flowering plant and all offspring have orange flowers. This is an example of what?
Incomplete dominance
If two parents have dominant phenotypes and their children have a recessive phenotype, then both parents are most likely
heterozygous
The genotype of an unknown dominant looking parent can be determined by a test cross with a _______ individual
homozygous recessive
B is over b in guinea pigs. A heterozygous black G.P. is crossed with a homozygous white G.P.
Offspring genotypes- Bb and bb
% of white offspring- 50%
An pure recessive organism could have the genotype
bb
The genetic makeup of an organism is called its
genotype
A homozygous dominant organism could have the genotype
SS
Yellow (Y) is dominant over white (y). What is the cross between two heterozygous parents?
Yellow- 75%
White-25%
Long whiskers (W) is dominant over short whiskers (w). If one parent is pure long whiskered and the other is short whiskered, what percent of offspring will have
short whiskered- 50%
long whiskered-50%
One horn (H) is dominant over no horns (h). What is the cross between a hybrid one horned and a no horned?
One horn- 50%
No horns- 50%
A green leafed plant is crossed with a yellow striped plant. All offspring are green leafed. Which color is dominant?
Green leaves
When crossing two parents with the genotypes Gg, are they heterozygous or homozygous
heterzygous
If you cross a pure homozygous dominant organism with anything how many offspring will show the dominant trait?
100%
If you cross a hybrid with a hybrid,
75% will be dominant
25% recessive
A cross between two dominant looking organisms and the offspring show a 3:1 ratio (3 dominant: 1 recessive) should tell you that
both parents are heterozygous
A cross between pure dominant and a pure recessive parents and the offspring show an intermediate blended form of the trait, it should be a clue that
this trait is incompletely dominant
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