Chapter 9 Vocab Flashcards
process by which cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing
cell cycle
stage during which the cell grows, caries out cellular functions, and replicates, or makes copies of its DNA in preparation for the next stage of the cycle
Interphase
stage of cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus and nuclear material divide
Mitosis
method by which a cell’s cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell
Cytokinesis
structures that contain genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells
Chromosome
relaxed form of DNA in the cell’s nucleus
Chromatin
stage of mitosis where cell’s chromatin tightens, or condenses, into chromosomes
Prophase
structures that contain identical copies of DNA
Sister chromatid
structure at center of chromosome where sister chromatids are attached
Centromere
whole structure, including spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers
Spindle apparatus
second stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled by motor proteins along spindle apparatus toward center of cell and line up in the middle of cell
Metaphase
chromatids are pulled apart during third stage of mitosis
Anaphase
when chromosomes arrive at poles of cell and begin to relax or decondense
Telophase
proteins that bind to enzymes
Cyclin
enzyme with which cyclin binds during interphase and mitosis
Cyclin- dependent kinase
