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PSYCO 105 > FINALS CHAPTER 17 > Flashcards

FINALS CHAPTER 17 Flashcards

1
Q

The goal of psychoanalysis is to achieve this which is the conscious awareness of the psychodynamics that underlie their problems

A

Insight

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2
Q

In this technique, Freud asked his clients to recline in a couch and to report verbally without censorship any thoughts, feelings, or images that entered awareness

A

Free association

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3
Q

Avoidance patterns emerge in the course of therapy; defensive manoeuvres that hinder the process of therapy

A

Resistance

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4
Q

Occurs when the client responds irrationally to the analyst as if he or she were an important figure from the client’s past

A

Transference

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5
Q

Is any statement by the therapist intended to provide the client with insight into his or her behaviour or dynamics

A

Interpretation

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6
Q

Highly structured and seldom takes longer than 15-20 sessions; focuses on the client’s current interpersonal problems; proven to be one of the more effective current therapies for depression and for somatic system disorders

A

Interpersonal therapy

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7
Q

View humans as capable of consciously controlling their actions and taking responsibility for their choices and behaviour

A

Humanistic theorists

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8
Q

Developed by Carl Roger which goal is to develop a genuine and caring relationship with the client

A

Client-centred therapy

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9
Q

Communicated when therapists shows clients they genuinely care care about and accept them

A

Unconditional positive regard

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10
Q

Willingness and ability to view the world through the client’s eyes

A

Empathy

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11
Q

Consistency between the way the therapists feels and the way he or she behaves

A

Genuineness

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12
Q

Refers to the perceptual principles through which people actively organize stimulus elements into meaningful “whole” patterns

A

Gestalt

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13
Q

In this technique, a client may be asked to imagine his mother sitting in the chair, and then carry on a conversation in which he alternatively role-plays his mother and himself, changing chairs for each role and honestly telling her how he feels about important issues in their relationship

A

Empty-chair technique

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14
Q

Focus on the role of irrational and self-defeating thought patterns; help clients discover and change the cognitions that underlie their problems

A

Cognitive therapies

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15
Q

ABCD’s of rational emotive therapy

A

Activating even
Belief system
Consequences
Disputing or challenging maladaptive emotions,behaviours

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16
Q

Aaron Beck’s Cognitive therapy goal is

A

To point out errors of thinking and logic that underlie emotional disturbance and to help clients identify and reprogram their overlearned “automatic” thought patterns

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17
Q

Used to reduce or decondition anxiety responses; have used in attempts to condition new anxiety responses to a particular class of stimuli

A

Classical conditioning procedures

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18
Q

Treat phobias through exposure to feared CS (learned negative situation) in the absence of UCS (natural eliciting situation)

A

Exposure behaviour therapy

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19
Q

Used to keep the operant avoidance response from occurring

A

Response prevention

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20
Q

Exposing to real life stimuli; reaction to stimuli gets smaller after multiple exposure

A

Flooding

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21
Q

Thinking/imagining about the conditioned stimuli

A

Imploding/implosion therapy

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22
Q

Learned-based treatment for anxiety disorders

A

Systematic desensitization

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23
Q

A new response that is incompatible with anxiety is conditioned to the anxiety-arousing CS

A

Counterconditioning

24
Q

Therapist pairs a stimulus that is attractive to a person and that stimulates deviant or self -defeating behaviour (the CS) with a noxious UCS in an attempt to condition an aversion to the CS

A

Aversion therapy

25
Q

Treatment techniques that involve the application of operant conditioning procedures in an attempt to increase or decrease a specific behaviour

A

Behaviour modification

26
Q

System for strengthening desired behaviour through the application of positive reinforcement

A

Token economics

27
Q

Clients learn new skills by observing and then imitating a model who performs a socially skillful behaviour

A

Social skills training

28
Q

Being aware, focused and accepting of your immediate experience (based on humanistic and eastern concept)

A

Mindfulness

29
Q

Developed by Steven Hayes which focuses on the process of mindfulness as a vehicle for change; therapist teaches clients to “just notice”, accept, and embrace thoughts and feelings

A

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)

30
Q

Treatment developed specifically fo the treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder; includes a “package” of elements from cognitive , behavioural, humanistic and psychodynamic therapies

A

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

31
Q

Treatment that is consistent with cultural beliefs and expectations

A

Cultural congruence

32
Q

Able to use knowledge about the client’s culture to achieve a broad understanding of the client

A

Cultural competence

33
Q

Involving participants who have well-defined psychological disorders and who are similar on other variables that might affect response to treatment; individuals are randomly assigned to to either an experiment or controlcondition

A

Randomized-clinical trials (RCTs)

34
Q

Group that gets an intervention that is not expected to work bu that controls for client expectations of improvement because clients are being seen by a therapist and think they are getting an effective treatment

A

Placebo control group

35
Q

Allows researcher to combine the results of many studies to arrive at an overall conclusion

A

Meta-analysis

36
Q

Represents a common measure of treatment effectiveness

A

Effect size statistic

37
Q

Finding of similar efficacy for widely differing therapies

A

Dodo bird verdict

38
Q

Would require that at the end of the therapy, client’s depression scores fall within the range for non-depressed people

A

Clinical significance

39
Q

Client variables that affect treatment outcome

A

Openness
Self-relatedness
Nature of the problem

40
Q

Relation between the amount of treatment received and the quality of the outcome

A

Dose-response effect

41
Q

Study of how drugs affect cognitions, emotions, behaviour

A

Psychopharmacology

42
Q

Often used to treat anxiety issues without affecting alertness or concentration by slowing down excitatory synaptic activity

A

Anti-anxiety drugs

43
Q

Side effects of anti anxiety drugs

A

Drowsiness
Lethargy
Dependence

44
Q

Category of antidepressants which increase the activity of norepinephrine and serotonin; prevent reuptake of excitatory NT

A

Tricyclics

45
Q

Increase the activity of norepinephrine and serotonin; reduce the activity of the monoamine oxidase which breaks down NT at the synapse

A

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors

46
Q

Block the reuptake of serotonin; have milder side effects that other antidepressants’ reduce depressive symptoms more rapidly

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

47
Q

Side effect of SSRIs

A

Increase negative thoughts

48
Q

Decrease the action of dopamine; reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions and hallucinations) but has little to no effect on negative symptoms

A

Antipsychotic drugs

49
Q

Side effect of antipsychotic drugs which is a severe movement disorder

A

Tardive dyskinesia

50
Q

Patient is given sedative and muscle relaxant in this procedure and given a shock less than 1 second causing seizure of CNS; useful in treating severe depression

A

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

51
Q

Negative side effect of ECT procedure

A

High relapse rate with memory loss/brain damage

52
Q

Refers to surgical procedure that remove or destroy brain tissues to change disordered behaviour

A

Psychosurgery

53
Q

Procedure which destroy nerve tracts to frontal lobes; less common with the advent of antipsychotic drugs

A

Lobotomy

54
Q

Transfer of treatment to the community

A

Deinstitutionalization

55
Q

Repeated rehospitalization

A

Revolving door phenomenon

56
Q

Directed at reducing or eliminating the environmental situational factors that help to prevent disorders

A

Situation-focused prevention

57
Q

Designed to increase personal resources and coping skills

A

Competency focused prevention

PSYCO 105 (6 decks)

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