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BSEE 22 > finals > Flashcards

finals Flashcards

1
Q

are inseparable since language is closely related to culture

A

language and culture

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2
Q

are independent because speech is a means of exchanging information which can be used in aspects that are not connected to culture

A

language and culture

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3
Q

he espoused that our ways of looking at the world depend on the type of language that we use

A

benjamin lee whorf

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4
Q

is not inborn but rather learned as it is a social product and this helps connect people

A

culture and its elements

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5
Q

a psychologist that believed that social interactions between and among people are a key element in acquiring knowledge just like how a child watches and learns from adults

A

lev vygotsky’s theory

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6
Q

for him language and culture are intently interconnected, he believed that every culture has specific dynamics for social transactions

A

lev vygotsky’s theory

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7
Q

contends that when children are born they gave an embedded basic structure for cognition as well as for language

A

jean piaget’s theory

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8
Q

he stressed that children create meaning from the verbal and nonverbal cues received from their environment and these meanings change as children learn more because of maturity

A

jean piaget’s theory

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9
Q

he did not adhere to vygotsky’s idea of emphasizing culture in learning

A

jean piaget

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10
Q

for him practice is not important as children acquire language through it

A

noam chomsky

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11
Q

every sound that lives or exist in nature are what this theory suggests the origin of language is

A

bow wow theory

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12
Q

this theory started from the sounds that our ancestors makes when they instinctively reacted to something those involuntary vocalizations to express their emotions and intentions

A

pooh pooh theory

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13
Q

this theory suggest an idea that humans made sound symbolism, people back then put a meaning to a unique sound they hear

A

ding dong theory

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14
Q

this theory proposes the language evolved from the grunts, groan, and snorts evoke by heavy physical labor

A

yo he ho theory

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15
Q

the romantic side of human life the sole factor that is responsible for the creation of language

A

la la theory

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16
Q

this theory suggested that language may have developed from sounds associated with love, playfulness, song and even inspired by poetic sensibility

A

la la theory

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17
Q

in his published book called “syntactic structures” proposed the idea that all human beings may be born with an innate understanding of how language works

A

genetic mutation of chomsky

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18
Q

based his theory on the idea that all languages contain similar structures and rules (a universal grammar)

A

genetic mutation by noam chomsky

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19
Q

he claimed that language evolved to allow us to gossip because gossiping for individuals constitutes a social bonding mechanism which helps us form alliances or social relationships with one another to convey social information

A

vocal grooming by rubin donbar theory

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20
Q

anthropologist dean falk suggests that as early humans lost their fur it became more difficult for mother to carry their babies on their backs as they gathered food and foraged

A

putting the baby down hypothesis by dean falk

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21
Q

human speech is anchored on the natural sound of human cries, as humans express their feelings and are being understood by others the use of language began

A

whitney’s origin of language

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22
Q

referring to the use of words which sound like the noise they refer to

A

onomatopoetic

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23
Q

take the form of words, images, sounds, gestures, acts, or objects but such things have no intrinsic meaning and become signs only which we invest them with meaning

A

sign.

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24
Q

a sign which is usually an association of general ideas

A

symbol

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25
Q

an english philosopher regarded semiotics as the key to the evolution of human consciousness, he further espoused that language with signs that are signs and dyadic, meaning a signature is tied to a specific meaning

A

john locke

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26
Q

for him for one to understand signs, there must be intelligence capable enough to learn from experience

A

charles sanders peirce

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27
Q

what is represented

A

sign

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28
Q

how it is represented

A

meaning

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29
Q

how it is interpreted

A

interpreter

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30
Q

makes use of the hands, facial expression and other gestures usually used by deaf or the hearing impaired individuals

A

sign language

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31
Q

used to emphasize specific words

A

fingerspelling

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32
Q

can help us communicate things through visual, unspoken, and spoken

A

semiotics

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33
Q

includes humor

A

puns

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34
Q

figure of speech used for comparing, saying one thing is another thing

A

metaphors

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35
Q

relationship between texts, if there are hidden meanings or not

A

intertextualities

36
Q

similarities or commonalities present in different culture from different regions of different countries

A

cultural commonalities

37
Q

eventually published his views on language in descent of man (1871)

A

charles darwin

38
Q

the branch of linguistics that analyzes the effects of social and cultural factors

A

sociolinguistics

39
Q

a variety of language, spoken in one part of a country, the study of how language changes from time to time, place to place, class to class, and society to society

A

language variation

40
Q

a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group

A

dialect

41
Q

is a subdivision of language that distinguishes different pronunciation, grammar, spelling, and sounds or vocabulary

A

dialect

42
Q

is defined the way a speaker uses language differently based on the given situation, think abt the word choice, tone of voice and even body language

A

register

43
Q

specialized language of professional or occupational group and is a faux method of resting sort of dialect that only those people inside the group can understand

A

jargon

44
Q

an informal language and usually used to express sometimes unconventional words or phrases to express yourself, some of the words are exaggerated or humorous figures of speech

A

slang

45
Q

a grammatically simplifies communication method and is the new language developed in circumstances where speakers of different languages need to communicate but don’t share a common language

A

pidgin

46
Q

comes from a simplified version of another language, or the mix of two or more languages. emerge when pidgin is used as the mother tongue and has a native speaker. the pidgin will become creole once there is native holder or the pidgin is passed from generation to generation

A

creole

47
Q

people speaking the same language spread over a wide geographical area

A

regional dialect

48
Q

people differ according to the social, economic, and educational status, which influence the person’s dialect

A

social dialect or sociolect

49
Q

variety of language used by socioeconomic class, profession, an age group, or any other social group

A

social dialect

50
Q

the language or languages spoken by each individual at a time

A

individual dialect or idiolect

51
Q

more specific than sociolect and is the way in which a particular person uses language as a personal dialect or variety

A

individual dialect or idiolect

52
Q

a distinctive form of a language and spoken by a specific ethnic group and is developed from the several words given by different people in an ethnic group

A

ethnolect

53
Q

group of people who share the same languages, speech characteristics, practices and way of interpreting communication

A

speech communities

54
Q

represent the meaningful participation of language in building a community or society

A

speech communities

55
Q

also called as linguistics register and speech register

A

language register

56
Q

refers to a variety of a language used for a particular purpose or in a particular social setting

A

language register

57
Q

he describes the five language registers or style

A

martin joos 1968

58
Q

this form is sometimes called the static register because it refers to historic language or communication that is intended to remain unchanged

A

frozen register

59
Q

less rigid but still constrained, this register is used in professional, academic, or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful, uninterrupted, and restrained, slang is never used, and contractions are rare

A

formal register

60
Q

a standard form of communications. users engage in a mutually accepted structure of communications

A

consultative register

61
Q

it is formal and societal expectations accompany the users of this speech and this describes language used for the purpose of seeking assistance as is suggested by the word consult and also describes the language used between a superior and subordinate

A

consultative register

62
Q

this is the register people use when they’re with friends, close acquaintances and co workers and family

A

casual register

63
Q

this communications is private, and used to describe language between persons who share a close relationship or bond

A

intimate register

64
Q

describes the group listening to the speaker

A

audience

65
Q

describes what is being discuss

A

topic

66
Q

describes the intentions of each speaker

A

purpose

67
Q

describes where an exchange is taking place

A

location

68
Q

implies use of a different language as the major means of socializing and communication within a community

A

language shift

69
Q

frequently reflects the impact of economic considerations, such as the necessity for employment. this why people might change both their location and language

A

economic factor

70
Q

the larger society is exerting pressure, and majority group frequently perceive newcomers as threatening because of the way they appear and sound

A

social factor

71
Q

when people are eager to get on in a society where speaking the second language is necessary for success, there is a quick transition that takes place

A

political factor

72
Q

there is a tendency yo switch to a new language when a community of speakers moved to an area or a nation where the local tongue is different from their own

A

demographic factors

73
Q

when that community is the last in the world to speak that language, the term “__________ ” is used

A

language death

74
Q

involves gradually substituting one language with another

A

gradual death

75
Q

rapid language loss without a bilingual phase in between

A

sudden death

76
Q

a community may decide to stop using its language out of self defense if there is extreme political repression

A

radical death

77
Q

a language stops being used for speech but may continue to be utilized in other contexts, such as in folk music or religion

A

bottom to top death

78
Q

a method of using words in verbal or written communication that is organized and conventionally used

A

language

79
Q

an idealized variety of a language that is considered the dominant or prestige variety within a language and the version of a language that is held up by prescriptive grammarians and language purists as correct

A

standard dialect

80
Q

happens when we conduct an intense interaction with someone and the person whom we interact with also conducts as intense interaction with someone we know or friends

A

dense network

81
Q

the opposite of dense network, it happens when the person whom we interact with does not interact with other people

A

loose network

82
Q

it happens when a group of people interact in a society using more than one way of interaction and basically the combination of dense and loose network

A

multiplex

83
Q

this refers to the adoption of words from a source language into their native language

A

linguistic borrowing

84
Q

a valuable research methodology used in linguistics studies to understand the intricate relationship between language and culture

A

ethnography

85
Q

also known as lexical borrowing is the process by which a word from one language is adapted for use in another

A

borrowing

BSEE 22 (8 decks)

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