Final: Zoogeography

Question 1

zoogeography

Answer 1

-science that attempts to document and understand patterns of animal biodiversity

-need knowledge of anatomy, phylogeny, and physiology

• study of past and present distributions of organisms and mechanismd to create patterns

-comparative/observational science

Question 2

observational science

Answer 2

-not experimental
- Just observe
- observe commonalities etc and compare

Question 3

homogenization

Answer 3

making everying into ‘One”

Question 4

allopatric vs sympatric speciation

Answer 4

Sympatric: members of an
ancestral (original) species diverge while coexisting in
the same location EX African cichlids

Allopatric: occur when a new barrier divides an ancestral species
and the two populations diverge EX: Vicariance

Question 4

dispersal

Answer 4

Some members of an ancestral population migrate across
a barrier and diverge

Question 5

vicariance

Answer 5

when a new barrier divides an ancestral species
and the two populations diverge

Question 6

diversity hotspots

Answer 6

neotropical

Question 7

types of freshwater fishes

Answer 7

majority of freshwater is primary

950 nearctoc
4500 neotropical

Question 8

primary vs secondary fishes

Answer 8

primary fish: incapable of inhabititng saltwater, most of the worlds fishes

secondary fish mainly freshwater but capable of inhabiting saltwater

Question 8

euryhaline

Answer 8

tolerant of
wide range of salinity

-saltwater fish
-mainly marine but capable of inhabiting freshwater

Question 9

obligatory freshwater fishes

Answer 9

must spend at least part of life cycle in freshwater

primary fish: incapable of inhabititng saltwater, most of the worlds fishes

secondary fish mainly freshwater but capable of inhabiting saltwater

Question 10

diadromous

Answer 10

migratory between fresh and saltwater fish

Question 11

zoogeographic realms or regions

Answer 11

Nearctic realm (950)

neotropical (4,500)

Ethiopean (2,900)

Palearctic (420)

Oriental (3,000)

Australian (185)

Question 12

cichlids

Answer 12

secondary fishes
can inhibit saltwater

Question 13

arowanas

Answer 13

global distribution of freshwater fish from continental drift and vicariance

Question 14

lungfish

Answer 14

global distribution of freshwater fish from continental drift and vicariance

Question 15

paddlefish

Answer 15

global distribution of freshwater fish from continental drift and vicariance

Question 16

Pleistocene glaciation

Answer 16

1/3 of NA
land area covered by
glaciers
* SE U.S. a glacial refuge

Question 17

anthropogenic influences

Answer 17

derived from human activity instead of naturally without human influence

Question 18

range contraction (trout)

Answer 18

stream emps affect what types ff trout

Question 19

most invasive FW fish

Answer 19

brown trout, rainbow trout, common carp, largemouth bass, mosquitofish, tilapia

Southwestern states have
highest proportion of
introduced fishes