Final Unit 8 Flashcards
What are the Foundations of Motor Capacity?
Neuromuscular-skeletal system:
• neuromuscular system
• Musculo-skeletal system
• Voltion (motivation)
What factors is Endurance & Strength dependent on to perform a given activity?
- Amount of motor units fired
- Frequency of motor unit firing
- Length-tension relationship
- Muscle fiber types & sizes
Muscle Fiber types:
• Type 1: Slow twitch (efficient for prolonged activity)
– Used for Fine Motor tasks.
– Aerobic. E.g., running, swimming.
• Type 2: Fast twitch (larger contractions)
– Anaerobic. E.g., HIIT, sprinting
What are the types of Muscle Contractions?
Concentric
• Tension created causing muscle to shorten.
• E.g., bicep curl.
Eccentric
• Lengthening of muscle.
• Good for weak clients.
• E.g., returning from a bicep curl (returning from contraction).
Isometric
• Forces are equal = no change in position.
• Should be avoided when working with client’s with Cardiovascular Conditions (Contraindication!)
• E.g., holding a bicep curl.
Explain Aerobic exercise:
- Rhythmic: use of large muscle groups & can be maintained/prolonged.
- Dependent on Aerobic Metabolism to extract energy from outside sources (e.g., carbs, amino acids, fatty acids).
- E.g., dancing, cycling, swimming, hiking, jogging.
Explain Anaerobic exercise:
- Short bursts
- Fueled by existing energy sources contained within contracting muscle.
- E.g., Sprinting, powerlifitng, HIIT.
How can an OT manipulate parameters to increase strength?
- Volume: # of reps & sets, resistance used.
- Rest
- Velocity & type of contraction
- Exercise frequency
–FITT– Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type.
Strategies for improving ROM?
1) Active stretching (like AROM)
2) Passive stretching (like PROM–external force applied): 2 techniques–manual & orthotics.
Strategies for improving endurance?
- Low intensity muscle contractions w/ more reps.
- More than 15 reps
- Less than 90s rests
