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PATHOLOGY > FINAL Summer 2013 > Flashcards

FINAL Summer 2013 Flashcards

1
Q

Acrodermatitis enteropathica is caused by deficiency of which micro element?

A. Selenium
B. Iron
C. zinc
D. cooper

A

C. zinc

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2
Q

These pathologies could develop in ariboflavinosis, except ______

A. cheilosis
B. superficial interstitial keratitis
C. peripheral polyneuropathy
D. dermatitis with location behind ears
E. all of the above could develop in ariboflavinosis
A

C. peripheral polyneuropathy

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3
Q

Which vitamin is present virtually in all food but can easily be destroyed while heating?

A. niacin
B. riboflavin
C. cobalamin
D. pyroxidine
E. thiamine
A

D. pyridoxine

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4
Q

Glossitis and cheilitis are associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

A. ascorbic acid and retinol
B. niacin and folic acid
C. thiamin and cobalamin
D. tocopherol and retinal

A

B. niacin and folic acid

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5
Q

Subperiosteal hematomas could result from the deficiency of which vitamin?

A. tocopherol
B. thiamine
C. vitamin K
D. cobalamin
E. ascorbic acid
A

E. ascorbic acid

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6
Q

Deficiency of which of the following vitamins is manifested by a syndrome characterized by retrograde amnesia, confabulation and the inability to acquire new information?

A. retinol
B. tocopherol
C. thiamine
D. pyridoxine
E. riboflavin
A

C. Thiamine (B1)

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7
Q

Which tissue is stable?

A. lymphoid
B. osteoblasts
C. neutrophils
D. epithelial cell
E. smooth muscle cells
A

B. osteoblasts

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8
Q

What is NOT associated with kwashiorkor?

A. apathy
B. hepatomegaly
C. loss of hair colour
D. emaciation of extremities

A

D. emaciation of extremities

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9
Q

Which statement is correct?

A. anemia of folate deficiency improves with administration of vitamin B12
B. anemia of vitamin B12 deficiency improves with administration of folates
C. Either statement is correct
D. neither statement is correct

A

B. anemia of B12 deficiency improves with administration of folates

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10
Q

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord results from deficiency of which vitamin?

A. tocopherol
B. cobalamin
C. pyridoxine
D. ascorbic acid
E. thiamine
A

B. cobalamin

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11
Q

Vitamin K deficiency could result in development of which pathology

A. hemorrhagic disease of newborn
B. Korsakoff’s psychosis
C. delay of wound healing
D. ataxia

A

A. hemorrhagic disease of newborn

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12
Q

Hepatomegaly and liver fibrosis could result from which condition?

A. vitamin B1 hypovitaminosis
B. vitamin B12 hypovitaminosis
C. vitamin A hypervitaminosis
D. vitamin K hypervitaminosis

A

vitamin A hypervitaminosis

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13
Q

Ophthalmoplegia could result from deficiency of which vitamin?

A. tocopherol
B. thiamine
C. vitamin K
D. cobalamin
E. ascorbic acid
A

B. thiamine

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14
Q

What is not a manifestation of marasmus?

A. anemia
B. hypoalbuminemia
C. multivitamin deficiency
D. emaciation of extremities

A

B. hypoalbuminemia

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15
Q

TIA is associated with which sequela of thrombosis?

A. organization
B. propogation
C. resolution
D. recanalization

A

C. resolution

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16
Q

Which pathology is associated with venous infarction?

A. Sheehan’s syndrome
B. Horton’s disease
C. Sjogren’s syndrome
D. Ischemic stroke

A

A. Sheehan’s syndrome

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17
Q

Xerophthalamia is a manifestation of which disease(s)

A. systemic lupus erythematosus
B. Sjogren's syndrome
C. Vitamin A deficiency
D. A + B
E. B + C
A

E. B + C

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18
Q

In the acronym CREST, the letter “S” means which of the following?

A. Sclerodactyly
B. Sclerosis
C. Scleroderma
D. Stasis

A

A. Sclerodactyly

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19
Q

Lines of Zahn could be found in which part of the cardiovascular system?

A. cerebral arteries
B. aorta
C. deep leg veins
D. temporal artery

A

B. aorta

20
Q

Overactivity of which of the following cells plays the most important role in pathogenesis of scleroderma?

A. neutrophils
B. fibroblasts
C. endothelial cells
D. mast cells

A

B. fibroblasts

21
Q

In the case of air lock which position of the patient can save his life?

A. supine
B. prone
C. left side up
D. right side up

A

D. right side up

22
Q

Lack of blood supply of the organs and tissues is known as?

A. stasis
B. bends
C. hypoxemia
D. ischemia

A

D. ischemia

23
Q

Which statement is NOT correct for a thrombus?

A. it can be formed both inside and outside blood vessel
B. it is a result of platelet activation
C. it originates from vascular wall
D. it maintains a point of attachment to blood vessel’s wall
E. all of the above is correct for thrombus

A

A. it can be formed both inside and outside blood vessel

24
Q

Fracture of long bones could lead more often to which type of embolism?

A. embolism by tiny fragments of bone
B. bacterial embolism
C. fat embolism
D. air embolism

A

C. fat embolism

25
Q

Vasculitis could result in _____ ?

A. resolution
B. propogation
C. infarction
D. recanalization

A

C. infarction

26
Q

In the majority of cases the propagation (as a sequela of thrombosis) occurs in which of the following?

A. heart
B. leg veins
C. cerebral arteries
D. temporal artery

A

B. leg veins

27
Q

What is a characteristic of Keshan Disease?

A. growth retardation
B. neurological defects
C. amenorrhea
D. cardiomyopathy

A

D. cardiomyopathy

28
Q

Stimulation of CD4 + T-cells and release of the cytokines by them in delayed type hypersensitivity reaction results in recruitment of which cells?

A. macrophages
B. eosinophils
C. neutrophils
D. basophils

A

B. eosinophils

29
Q

Urushiol is important cause of contact dermatitis associated with which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. anaphylactic type
B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
C. immune complex mediated type
D. delayed type hypersensitivity
E. anti-body dependent type
A

D. delayed type hypersensitivity

30
Q

Pathogenesis of serum sickness is associated with which type of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. immune complex mediated
B. antibody dependent
C. cell-mediated
D. anaphylactic

A

A. immune complex mediated

31
Q

Formation of granuloma is associated with which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. anaphylactic type
B. T-cell mediated
C. antibody dependent
D. immune complex mediated type
E. delayed type hypersensitivity
A

E. delayed type hypersensitivity

32
Q

Pathogenesis of pernicious anemia is partially associated with which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
B. Antibody-mediated cellular dysfunction
C. complement-dependent reactions
D. immune complex mediated type

A

B. antibody-mediated cellular dysfunction

33
Q

Anaphylactic typer of hypersensitivity reactions is induced by sensitization of which of the following cells?

A. CD4 + TH1 type
B. CD4 + TH2 type
C. CD4 + TH3 type
D. CD4 + TH4 type

A

B. CD4 + TH2 type

34
Q

Which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions accounts for immediate antiviral activity shortly after viral invasion?

A. anaphylactic type
B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
C. immune complex mediated type
D. delayed type hypersensitivity
E. antibody-dependent-cell-mediated cytotoxicity
A

B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity

35
Q

Poison Ivy dermatitis is associated with which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. anaphylactic type
B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
C. immune complex mediated type
D. delayed type hypersensitivity
E. antibody-dependent type
A

D. Delayed type hypersensitivity

36
Q

Which cells play the most important pathogenetic role in type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A. neutrophils
B. mast cells
C. fibroblasts
D. endothelial cells

A

B. mast cells

37
Q

Antitumorous immunity is associated with which type or subtype of hypersensitivity reactions?

A. anaphylactic type
B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
C. immune complex mediated type
D. delayed-type hypersensitivity
E. complement-dependent reactions
A

B. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity

38
Q

Which disorder is associated with complement-dependent reactions?

A. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
B. parasite invasion
C. pemphigus vulgaris
D. viral disease

A

C. pemphigus vulgaris

39
Q

Which cells are predominately found in the site of chronic inflammation?

A. lymphocytes and neutrophils
B. macrophages and neutrophils
C. macrophages and lymphocytes
D. monocytes and mast cells

A

C. macrophages and lymphocytes

40
Q

Which cancer develops more likely in a female patient with human papilloma virus if she takes birth control pills?

A. ovarian cancer
B. cancer of uterus
C. cervical carcinoma
D. breast adenocarcinoma

A

C. cervical carcinoma

41
Q

In sarcomas, the tumour mass consists predominately of ______ ?

A. new formed blood vessels (like granulation tissue)
B. tumor parenchyma
C. supportive (connective) tissue
D. none of the above is correct

A

B. tumor parenchyma

42
Q

Which malignant tumour is considered as a typical scirrhous cancer?

A. cancer of the uterus
B. bronchogenic carcinoma
C. cervical carcinoma
D. breast adenocarcinoma

A

D. breast adenocarinoma

43
Q

Metastases from colorectal cancer will be found more probably in which organ(s)?

A. lungs
B. brain
C. liver
D. myocardium

A

C. Liver (according to google)

sometimes lungs and other organs

44
Q

Which of the following tumours is malignant?

A. rhabgomyoma
B. lymphoma
C. adenoma
D. chondroma

A

B. lymphoma

45
Q

Which carcinogen results in higher risk of bladder carcinoma?

A. polycyclic hydrocarbons
B. aromatic amines
C. nitrosamines
D. A + B
E B + C
A

B. aromatic amines

PATHOLOGY (5 decks)

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