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latin & greek classics 101 > final study guide > Flashcards

final study guide Flashcards

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1
Q

loan words

A

words adopted or used by a race or culture other than the one that originated them
ex: kindergarten

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2
Q

hybrid words

A

words made up of components from different languages

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3
Q

archy

A

rule by

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4
Q

-cracy

A

kratia: rule by

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5
Q

-crat

A

krates: supporter of rule by, member of ruling body

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6
Q

-graphy

A

graphia: art or method of writing q

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7
Q

graph

A

graphos: something written

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8
Q

logy

A

logia - subject of study

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9
Q

mania

A

mania - madness

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10
Q

metry

A

metria - art or process of the science of measuring

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11
Q

nomy

A

nomia - law of, arrangement of, science of

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12
Q

pathy

A

patheia - feeling

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13
Q

philia

A

philia - love of

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14
Q

phobe

A

phobos- one who fears

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15
Q

scopy

A

skopia - observation or examination of or by

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16
Q

scope

A

skopos - instrument for observing or measuring

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17
Q

arc

A

akros - high, topmost

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18
Q

all-

A

allos - other

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19
Q

arist

A

aristos - best

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20
Q

aut

A

autos - self

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21
Q

cac

A

kakos - bad

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22
Q

heter-

A

heteros - other

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23
Q

hier

A

hieros - holy

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24
Q

hol

A

holos - whole

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25
Q

hom

A

homos - same

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26
Q

home

A

homoios - similar, same

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27
Q

idi

A

idios - own, personal

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28
Q

macr-

A

makros - long, large scale

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29
Q

mega

A

megas, megale- great, large, powerful

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30
Q

mes-

A

mesos - middle

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31
Q

micr

A

mikros - small

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32
Q

mon-

A

monos - single

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33
Q

neo

A

neos - new

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34
Q

olig -

A

oligos - few

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35
Q

orth

A

orthos - straight, correct

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36
Q

pale

A

palaios - old

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37
Q

pan

A

pas, pan - all

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38
Q

poly

A

many

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39
Q

pseud

A

pseudes - false

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40
Q

scler

A

skleros - hard

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41
Q

therm

A

thermos - hot

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42
Q

eu

A

well, favrouable

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43
Q

agog

A

agein - lead

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44
Q

acou

A

akouein - hear

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45
Q

ball

A

ballein - throw

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46
Q

cri

A

krinein -judge

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47
Q

do

A

didonai - give

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48
Q

gen

A

giognesthai - become, be born

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49
Q

gno

A

gignoskein - know

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50
Q

graph

A

graphein - write

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51
Q

id

A

idein - see

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52
Q

log `

A

legein - say

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53
Q

ora

A

horan - see

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54
Q

opt

A

opsesthai - see

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55
Q

path

A

paschein - suffer

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56
Q

phen, phan

A

phanein - show

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57
Q

pher

A

pherien - carry

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58
Q

prag

A

prattein - do

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59
Q

rheu

A

rheein - flow

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60
Q

skept

A

skeptesthai - look at

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61
Q

skop

A

skopein- look at

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62
Q

sta

A

histanai - set up, cause to stand

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63
Q

tom

A

temnein - cut

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64
Q

the

A

tithenai - place

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65
Q

trop

A

trepein - turn

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66
Q

troph

A

trephein - nourish

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67
Q

aqu

A

aqua - water

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68
Q

gener

A

genus - race, kind

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69
Q

grad

A

gradus - step

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70
Q

jur

A

iuris - right, law

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71
Q

patr

A

pater - father

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72
Q

sen

A

senex, senis - old man

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73
Q

serv

A

servus - slave

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74
Q

tempor

A

tempus - time

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75
Q

verb

A

verbum - word

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76
Q

vir

A

vir- man

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77
Q

agere

A

do, act, drive

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78
Q

capt, cept, ceiver

A

capere - take

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79
Q

ced, ceed, cess

A

cedere - go

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80
Q

cid, cis

A

caedere- cut, kill

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81
Q

dat dit

A

dare - give q

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82
Q

fac, fact fect

A

facere - make, do

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83
Q

leg

A

legere- read

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84
Q

mit

A

mittere - send

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85
Q

pon, pos

A

ponere - place, put

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86
Q

ven, vent

A

venire - come

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87
Q

mythology

A

mythos - story, tale
study of traditional stories within a culture

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88
Q

roman name for zeus

A

jupiter

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89
Q

roman name for hera

A

juno

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90
Q

roman name for poseidon

A

neptune

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91
Q

roman name for aphrodite

A

venus

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92
Q

roman name for eros

A

cupid

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93
Q

roman name fdor ares

A

mars

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94
Q

roman name for athena

A

minerva

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95
Q

roman name for hephaestus

A

vulcan

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96
Q

roman name for artemis

A

diana

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97
Q

roman name for apollo

A

apollo

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98
Q

roman name for muses

A

muses

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99
Q

roman name for hermes

A

mercury

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100
Q

roman name for iris

A

iris

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101
Q

roman name for demeter

A

ceres

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102
Q

roman name for dionysus

A

bacchus

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103
Q

roman name for hades

A

pluto

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104
Q

king of the gods, god of lightning and thunder

A

zeus/ jupiter

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105
Q

wife of the king of gods, goddess of marriage and the home

A

hera/ juno

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106
Q

god of the sea and earthquakes

A

poseidon/ neptune

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107
Q

goddess of love and sexuality

A

aphrodite/ venus

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108
Q

son of aphrodite, the child god responsible for making people fall in love by shooting them with bow and arrows

A

eros/ cupid

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109
Q

god of war, strife, and dissension

A

ares, mars

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110
Q

goddess of wisdom and skill, especially skill of warfare, handwork, and artistry

A

athena/ minerva

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111
Q

god of metalwork, the smith-god

A

hephaestus/ vulcan

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112
Q

goddess of hunting and chastity, sister of apollo

A

artemis/ diana

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113
Q

god of music, propechy, intellect, and archery; brother of artemis

A

apollo

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114
Q

nine minor goddessess associated with apollo in bringing inspirtation to poets

A

muses

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115
Q

messenger god, god of travelers, and of thieves, also god of merchants and traders, noted for quick wittedness and eloquence

A

hermes, mercury

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116
Q

messenger of the gods, also the rainbow

A

iris

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117
Q

goddess of agriculture

A

demeter, ceres

118
Q

god of wine, also represents the power of nature

A

dionyssu, bachus

119
Q

god of the underworld

A

hades/ pluto

120
Q

what caused the trojan war?

A

golden apple labeled “for the most beautiful goddess”. hera, athena, and aphrodite all claimed it. Paris became the judge of the beauty contest, so each of the goddesses tried to bribe him. athena offered him perpetual victory in battle, hera promised to make him ruler of the whole world, aphrodite said she would give him the most beautiful woman as his wife. he chose the beautiful woman, helen, but she was already married to menelaus. but paris took helen to troy, menalaus got made and sent his greek army to rescue her which turned into a 10 year war

121
Q

what are the four humors?

A

blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile

122
Q

four temperaments

A

sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic, choleric

123
Q

temperament of dominance of blood

A

sanguine - cheerful and lively

124
Q

temperament of dominance of black bile

A

melancholic - gloomy and anxious

125
Q

temperament of excess of yellow bile

A

choleric - lively

126
Q

temperament of excess of phlegm

A

phlegmatic - calm and tough

127
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal of

128
Q

-emia

A

condition of the blood

129
Q

-in, ine

A

chemical substance

130
Q

-itis

A

inflammation of

131
Q

-meter

A

device of measuring

132
Q

-logist

A

one who studies

133
Q

-logy

A

study of , science of

134
Q

-oma

A

tumor

135
Q

-osis

A

diseased condition of

136
Q

-path

A

one who suffers from a disease of

137
Q

-pathy

A

disease of or treatment by

138
Q

-rrhea

A

abnormal dischagre of, flow

139
Q

-therapy

A

treatment of or by

140
Q

-tomy

A

surgical operation on

141
Q

draco

A

stringency of laws

142
Q

despot

A

despotes - lord, master

143
Q

senate

A

sen - old

144
Q

ecclesiastic

A

to do with church

145
Q

matryr

A

witness, someone who testifies

146
Q

iso

A

equal

147
Q

demography

A

study of populations

148
Q

demagogue

A

leader of the people

149
Q

orator

A

public speaker

150
Q

oration

A

formal address or discourse.

151
Q

what was a magistracie in ancient rome?

A

replaced the king. their power was limited by the principles of collegiality, accountability,, and time

152
Q

which magistracie had executive power over the army?

A

consul

153
Q

which magistracie administered the law?

A

praetor

154
Q

which magastracie adminstered the finances of the republic

A

quaestor

155
Q

which magistracie administered the city, roads, and temples

A

aedile

156
Q

which magistracie took census, reviewed citizen body, and award contracts?

A

censor

157
Q

which magistracie vetoed legislation, convene senate, help citizens?

A

plebian tribune

158
Q

trade commodities of greek

A

barley, wine, olives

159
Q

trade commodities of rome

A

grain

160
Q

how did greeks mainly trade?

A

by the sea due to their immense athenian sea fleet

161
Q

how did romans mainly trade?

A

movement of raw materials by the imperial government. mainly used roads but used a little sea too.

162
Q

what were the presocratic philosophers?

A

called natural philosophers because they were interested in the natural world and how it functioned. studied fundamental laws, origins, and mans role in the world.

163
Q

who were the ionian philosophers?

A

first greek thinkers to try to explain the origin and nature of the cosmos

164
Q

who was thales

A

argued that the origin of all matter was water

165
Q

who was anaximanes

A

believed that the primary substance was aer (air). also that there was a snall part of the god eg the universe in every person

166
Q

who was Anaximander

A

saw the world as a conflict of opposites, which is cyclical and constant

167
Q

who was heracleitus

A

taught that the universe consisted of the conflict of opposites controlled by an unchanging principle, called logos.

168
Q

who was pythagoras?

A

believed in the transmigrsation of souls…. vegetarian. believed that the universe was a living creature and each individual contained a fragment of the divine

169
Q

who was parmenides

A

first greek philosopher to introduce abstract thought.

170
Q

who was empedocles

A

taught all four elements werer real and combinations of them led to all phenomona

171
Q

who is anaxagoras

A

first to distinguish clearly between matter and mind

172
Q

who was democritus

A

invented atomic theory. world made up of small particles or atoms. constant rearrangement of atoms in new combinations, no reinvention

173
Q

what was arete?

A

courage. skill or efficiency at a particular job. for socrates, plato, and aristotle, a major philosophical question was the search to define arete (human virtue).

174
Q

who were major historians at the time?

A

herodotus, thucydides, xenophon, polybius, flavius josephus, caesar, sallust, livy, tacitus

175
Q

who was herodotus?

A

he spent much of his life travelling and collected material for his “History”. mainly talked about the persian wars. gave much geographical and antiquarian information. although he did write down whatever the locals told him, which made him a bit unreliable.

176
Q

who was thucydides?

A

athenian citizen and naval commander. forced to live in exile for a few years. subject of his work is the peloponnesian war between athens and spartas. he had first hand knowledge. he is respected for his insight into cause and effect and his accuracy on chronology and points of detail. however, he is a bit biased.

177
Q

who was xenophon?

A

born in athens, general, and a writer, friend and pupil of Socrates. wrote political and military studies, works about his and socrates life, and a history of greece. picks up where thucydides left off and covers the end of the war and its aftermath.

178
Q

who was polybius

A

wealthy greek aristocrat and politician. banished from greece and went to rome and became friends with famous people. he had first hand information from men who served in campaigns and to public recordds and letters as well as the works of earlier historians. since he was greek, he wrote for greek audience and told about the roman army and government. he covers the rise of romes power

179
Q

who was flavius josephus

A

educated Jewish man sent to rome as an ambassador. on his return to judea, he became one of the leaders of the revolt against roman government and was commander of jewish forces in galilee . he was captured by the romans and became a member of the entourage for roman general in command of the jewish campaign.

180
Q

who was caesar

A

very successful generasl responsible for the conquest of gaul. powerful roman politician. his political ambition eventually led to a civil war, which he won and was made perpetual dictator. but then he was assassinated by his friends. he writes of himself in third person and glorifies his achievements…. so not the most credible source

181
Q

who was sallust

A

roman senator and supporter of caesar. he devoted himself to writing a monograph with a thematic concern with the moral and political decline of rome. (compare livy!!!). bias against the senatorial aristocracy. narrative style is dramatic and effective.

182
Q

who was livy

A

not involved in political or military life. he hated rome because of its political and moral decline and civil wars. he wrote a history of rome from the beginning to his own time. he wrote 142 books, mainly on the republican period and civil wars. he summarized both accounts of a story and noted the differences without trying to decide between them

183
Q

who was tacitus

A

senator and lawyer. his major historical works are the Histories, which cover the civil wars after the death of nero and the reign of the flavian emperors. he was pro republican and this was seen through bias in his work. however, he was largely accurate and fact checked everything using state archives.

184
Q

aevum

A

age
ex: primeval

185
Q

agere, actum

A

to do, conduct
ex) agenda

186
Q

annalis / annus

A

year
example: annual

187
Q

antiquus

A

old, ancient
ex: antique

188
Q

arche

A

beginning or governing power
ex: archaelogy

189
Q

archeion

A

place were magistrates had their offices and kept records
ex: archives

190
Q

autos

A

self
ex: autobiography

191
Q

bios

A

life
ex: biology

192
Q

chronos

A

time
ex: chronological

193
Q

cor, cordis

A

heart
ex: record

194
Q

curare, curatum

A

to care for
ex: curate

195
Q

ad + curare

A

to take care of

196
Q

dare, datum

A

to give
ex: data “things given”

197
Q

facere, factum

A

to make, do
ex: faction

198
Q

finis

A

end
ex: finish

199
Q

graphein

A

TO WRITE
ex: autograph

200
Q

histor

A

knowing, or expert
ex: historian

201
Q

historia

A

account, story, history

202
Q

memor

A

mindful of
ex: memory

203
Q

monumentum

A

monument

204
Q

narrare, narratum

A

to tell, relate

205
Q

obicere, obicectum

A

to throw against, oppose, expose
ex: objective

206
Q

primus

A

first

207
Q

primitivus

A

first of its kind
ex: primitivd

208
Q

protos

A

early
ex: protohistoric

209
Q

semeion

A

mark, sign

210
Q

temporalis

A

transitory
ex: temporal

211
Q

tempus

A

time

212
Q

tradere, traditum

A

to hand over
ex: tradition

213
Q

anthropology

A

study of mankind
anthropos “person, human”

214
Q

zoology

A

study of animals
zoon - animal

215
Q

chromosome

A

chroma (color) + soma (body)

216
Q

asymmetry

A

prefix a + prefix sym + combining form “metry”

217
Q

telegraph

A

tele (far) + graph (writing)

218
Q

theology

A

theo (god) + logy (study of)

219
Q

acronym

A

akros (high) + onym (name)

220
Q

autonomy

A

auto (self) + nomos (custom, law)

221
Q

exodus

A

ex (out) + hodus (a path)

222
Q

epitaph

A

epi (on, at) + taphos (tomb)

223
Q

temporary

A

tempus (time)

224
Q

intermittent

A

inter (in) + mittere (verb)

225
Q

aggregate

A

ad (to) + gregarre (to collect in a flock)/ gather

226
Q

equanimity

A

equi (equal) + anim (mind)

227
Q

opposite

A

op (toward, against) + pos (place)

228
Q

cosmetic

A

kosmein (to arrange, to adore)

229
Q

metropolitan

A

meter (mother ) + polis (city)
person or thing connected with a major city

230
Q

geology

A

geo (earth) + logy

231
Q

terrain

A

terrenus (belonging to the earth) from tera

232
Q

terrestrial

A

belonging to the ground
terra ( earth, land)

233
Q

pharmacist

A

pharmakon (drugs)

234
Q

gynecology

A

gyne - woman, female

235
Q

amputate

A

amputare ( to cut off) or am (around) + putare (to prune/trim)

236
Q

contraception

A

contra (against) + conceptio (conception)

237
Q

regimen

A

regere (to rule)

238
Q

abduct

A
239
Q

capital

A

caput - head

240
Q

detention

A

detinere - hold back

241
Q

extortion

A

ex - out + torquere- to twist

242
Q

posthumous

A

post - after + humous - death

243
Q

economy

A

oikos - home
oikonomia - home management

244
Q

specialize

A

species - appearance

245
Q

emancipate

A

manceps - a bidder, a purchaser
manus - hand
capere - to take
to take out of someone’s power, to liberate

246
Q

manumit

A

manumittere - to release from power
mittere - to send
manus - hand

247
Q

hydraulics

A

study of the properties of water in pipes
hydr - water + aulos - pipe

248
Q

agnostic

A

a - not + gnostos - to know
to believe that there is no way of knowing if god is real

249
Q

conscience

A

com - with + scire - to know
scindere - to cut, divide
faculty of knowing what’s right

250
Q

dialogue

A

dia - across + legein - to speak
discussion between multiple people

251
Q

animate

A

anima - breath, soul
something alive

252
Q

catharsis

A

katharsis - cleansing, purification

253
Q

historiographer

A

histor - knowing, expert + graph - something written

254
Q

primeval

A

aevum - age + primus - first

255
Q

protohistory

A

protos - early
history - an account, story

256
Q

narrative

A

narrare to relate, to tell

257
Q

temporal

A

temporalis - transitory

258
Q

idiosyncrasy

A

idios - one’s own + syn - together
+ krasis - mitxture
physical constitution of an individual

259
Q

megaphone

A

megas - great + phone - voice

260
Q

geography

A

geo - earth
graph - written
description of earth’s surface

261
Q

hedonist

A

hedone - pleasure
ist - nfs
following an ethical system of which pleasure is the ultimate goal

262
Q

prognosis

A

pro - before
+ gignoskein- to know

263
Q

immigrate

A

in- in + migrare - to move

264
Q

proceed

A

pro - before + cedere - to go

265
Q

durable

A

durare - to harden

266
Q

literate

A

liter - letter

267
Q

pacify

A

pax- peace
to make peace

268
Q

hypnosis

A

hypn- sleep + osis - a condition of, disease

269
Q

chloroma

A

chlor - light green + oma - a tumor

270
Q

cirrhosis

A

cirrh - yellow
osis - disease
diseased condition of yellowness (of the liver)

271
Q

mycetoma

A

myc - fungus, mold + oma - tumor
a tumor caused by a fungus

272
Q

tachylogia

A

tachy - swift , speed + logia - to speak

273
Q

urbanization

A

urbs - stronghold +ize
to make stronger

274
Q

acromegaly

A

acro - high + mega - great
excess growth hormone

275
Q

isomorphic

A

iso - equal + morphe - form, shape
same form or shape

276
Q

dictation

A

dict- to speak

277
Q

minority

A

minor - less

278
Q

agronomy

A

science of land management for crop production
agros - a field + nomos - law or custom

279
Q

ecology

A

oikos - house
logia - study of
study of living things and their environment

280
Q

inflation

A

in - into + flare - to blow

281
Q

navigate

A

navis - ship

282
Q

manuscript

A

manus - hand + scriptus - to write

283
Q

philosophy

A

philo - love
sophy - knowledge
love of knowledge

284
Q

psychology

A

psyche - mind + ology - study

285
Q

dialect

A

legein - to say + dia - across, between

286
Q

animal

A

anima - breath, soul
any living sentient thing

287
Q

egoist

A

ego - i
viewing the world in relation to oneself

288
Q

annual

A

annus - year

289
Q

archaeology

A

arche - beginning +logy - stud of

290
Q

commemorate

A

memorar - to remember

291
Q

objective

A

objectum - object

292
Q

tradition

A

tradere - to hand over

latin & greek classics 101 (13 decks)

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