final study guide Flashcards

1
Q

loan words

A

words adopted or used by a race or culture other than the one that originated them
ex: kindergarten

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2
Q

hybrid words

A

words made up of components from different languages

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3
Q

archy

A

rule by

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4
Q

-cracy

A

kratia: rule by

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5
Q

-crat

A

krates: supporter of rule by, member of ruling body

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6
Q

-graphy

A

graphia: art or method of writing q

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7
Q

graph

A

graphos: something written

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8
Q

logy

A

logia - subject of study

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9
Q

mania

A

mania - madness

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10
Q

metry

A

metria - art or process of the science of measuring

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11
Q

nomy

A

nomia - law of, arrangement of, science of

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12
Q

pathy

A

patheia - feeling

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13
Q

philia

A

philia - love of

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14
Q

phobe

A

phobos- one who fears

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15
Q

scopy

A

skopia - observation or examination of or by

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16
Q

scope

A

skopos - instrument for observing or measuring

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17
Q

arc

A

akros - high, topmost

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18
Q

all-

A

allos - other

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19
Q

arist

A

aristos - best

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20
Q

aut

A

autos - self

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21
Q

cac

A

kakos - bad

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22
Q

heter-

A

heteros - other

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23
Q

hier

A

hieros - holy

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24
Q

hol

A

holos - whole

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25
hom
homos - same
26
home
homoios - similar, same
27
idi
idios - own, personal
28
macr-
makros - long, large scale
29
mega
megas, megale- great, large, powerful
30
mes-
mesos - middle
31
micr
mikros - small
32
mon-
monos - single
33
neo
neos - new
34
olig -
oligos - few
35
orth
orthos - straight, correct
36
pale
palaios - old
37
pan
pas, pan - all
38
poly
many
39
pseud
pseudes - false
40
scler
skleros - hard
41
therm
thermos - hot
42
eu
well, favrouable
43
agog
agein - lead
44
acou
akouein - hear
45
ball
ballein - throw
46
cri
krinein -judge
47
do
didonai - give
48
gen
giognesthai - become, be born
49
gno
gignoskein - know
50
graph
graphein - write
51
id
idein - see
52
log `
legein - say
53
ora
horan - see
54
opt
opsesthai - see
55
path
paschein - suffer
56
phen, phan
phanein - show
57
pher
pherien - carry
58
prag
prattein - do
59
rheu
rheein - flow
60
skept
skeptesthai - look at
61
skop
skopein- look at
62
sta
histanai - set up, cause to stand
63
tom
temnein - cut
64
the
tithenai - place
65
trop
trepein - turn
66
troph
trephein - nourish
67
aqu
aqua - water
68
gener
genus - race, kind
69
grad
gradus - step
70
jur
iuris - right, law
71
patr
pater - father
72
sen
senex, senis - old man
73
serv
servus - slave
74
tempor
tempus - time
75
verb
verbum - word
76
vir
vir- man
77
agere
do, act, drive
78
capt, cept, ceiver
capere - take
79
ced, ceed, cess
cedere - go
80
cid, cis
caedere- cut, kill
81
dat dit
dare - give q
82
fac, fact fect
facere - make, do
83
leg
legere- read
84
mit
mittere - send
85
pon, pos
ponere - place, put
86
ven, vent
venire - come
87
mythology
mythos - story, tale study of traditional stories within a culture
88
roman name for zeus
jupiter
89
roman name for hera
juno
90
roman name for poseidon
neptune
91
roman name for aphrodite
venus
92
roman name for eros
cupid
93
roman name fdor ares
mars
94
roman name for athena
minerva
95
roman name for hephaestus
vulcan
96
roman name for artemis
diana
97
roman name for apollo
apollo
98
roman name for muses
muses
99
roman name for hermes
mercury
100
roman name for iris
iris
101
roman name for demeter
ceres
102
roman name for dionysus
bacchus
103
roman name for hades
pluto
104
king of the gods, god of lightning and thunder
zeus/ jupiter
105
wife of the king of gods, goddess of marriage and the home
hera/ juno
106
god of the sea and earthquakes
poseidon/ neptune
107
goddess of love and sexuality
aphrodite/ venus
108
son of aphrodite, the child god responsible for making people fall in love by shooting them with bow and arrows
eros/ cupid
109
god of war, strife, and dissension
ares, mars
110
goddess of wisdom and skill, especially skill of warfare, handwork, and artistry
athena/ minerva
111
god of metalwork, the smith-god
hephaestus/ vulcan
112
goddess of hunting and chastity, sister of apollo
artemis/ diana
113
god of music, propechy, intellect, and archery; brother of artemis
apollo
114
nine minor goddessess associated with apollo in bringing inspirtation to poets
muses
115
messenger god, god of travelers, and of thieves, also god of merchants and traders, noted for quick wittedness and eloquence
hermes, mercury
116
messenger of the gods, also the rainbow
iris
117
goddess of agriculture
demeter, ceres
118
god of wine, also represents the power of nature
dionyssu, bachus
119
god of the underworld
hades/ pluto
120
what caused the trojan war?
golden apple labeled "for the most beautiful goddess". hera, athena, and aphrodite all claimed it. Paris became the judge of the beauty contest, so each of the goddesses tried to bribe him. athena offered him perpetual victory in battle, hera promised to make him ruler of the whole world, aphrodite said she would give him the most beautiful woman as his wife. he chose the beautiful woman, helen, but she was already married to menelaus. but paris took helen to troy, menalaus got made and sent his greek army to rescue her which turned into a 10 year war
121
what are the four humors?
blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile
122
four temperaments
sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic, choleric
123
temperament of dominance of blood
sanguine - cheerful and lively
124
temperament of dominance of black bile
melancholic - gloomy and anxious
125
temperament of excess of yellow bile
choleric - lively
126
temperament of excess of phlegm
phlegmatic - calm and tough
127
-ectomy
surgical removal of
128
-emia
condition of the blood
129
-in, ine
chemical substance
130
-itis
inflammation of
131
-meter
device of measuring
132
-logist
one who studies
133
-logy
study of , science of
134
-oma
tumor
135
-osis
diseased condition of
136
-path
one who suffers from a disease of
137
-pathy
disease of or treatment by
138
-rrhea
abnormal dischagre of, flow
139
-therapy
treatment of or by
140
-tomy
surgical operation on
141
draco
stringency of laws
142
despot
despotes - lord, master
143
senate
sen - old
144
ecclesiastic
to do with church
145
matryr
witness, someone who testifies
146
iso
equal
147
demography
study of populations
148
demagogue
leader of the people
149
orator
public speaker
150
oration
formal address or discourse.
151
what was a magistracie in ancient rome?
replaced the king. their power was limited by the principles of collegiality, accountability,, and time
152
which magistracie had executive power over the army?
consul
153
which magistracie administered the law?
praetor
154
which magastracie adminstered the finances of the republic
quaestor
155
which magistracie administered the city, roads, and temples
aedile
156
which magistracie took census, reviewed citizen body, and award contracts?
censor
157
which magistracie vetoed legislation, convene senate, help citizens?
plebian tribune
158
trade commodities of greek
barley, wine, olives
159
trade commodities of rome
grain
160
how did greeks mainly trade?
by the sea due to their immense athenian sea fleet
161
how did romans mainly trade?
movement of raw materials by the imperial government. mainly used roads but used a little sea too.
162
what were the presocratic philosophers?
called natural philosophers because they were interested in the natural world and how it functioned. studied fundamental laws, origins, and mans role in the world.
163
who were the ionian philosophers?
first greek thinkers to try to explain the origin and nature of the cosmos
164
who was thales
argued that the origin of all matter was water
165
who was anaximanes
believed that the primary substance was aer (air). also that there was a snall part of the god eg the universe in every person
166
who was Anaximander
saw the world as a conflict of opposites, which is cyclical and constant
167
who was heracleitus
taught that the universe consisted of the conflict of opposites controlled by an unchanging principle, called logos.
168
who was pythagoras?
believed in the transmigrsation of souls.... vegetarian. believed that the universe was a living creature and each individual contained a fragment of the divine
169
who was parmenides
first greek philosopher to introduce abstract thought.
170
who was empedocles
taught all four elements werer real and combinations of them led to all phenomona
171
who is anaxagoras
first to distinguish clearly between matter and mind
172
who was democritus
invented atomic theory. world made up of small particles or atoms. constant rearrangement of atoms in new combinations, no reinvention
173
what was arete?
courage. skill or efficiency at a particular job. for socrates, plato, and aristotle, a major philosophical question was the search to define arete (human virtue).
174
who were major historians at the time?
herodotus, thucydides, xenophon, polybius, flavius josephus, caesar, sallust, livy, tacitus
175
who was herodotus?
he spent much of his life travelling and collected material for his "History". mainly talked about the persian wars. gave much geographical and antiquarian information. although he did write down whatever the locals told him, which made him a bit unreliable.
176
who was thucydides?
athenian citizen and naval commander. forced to live in exile for a few years. subject of his work is the peloponnesian war between athens and spartas. he had first hand knowledge. he is respected for his insight into cause and effect and his accuracy on chronology and points of detail. however, he is a bit biased.
177
who was xenophon?
born in athens, general, and a writer, friend and pupil of Socrates. wrote political and military studies, works about his and socrates life, and a history of greece. picks up where thucydides left off and covers the end of the war and its aftermath.
178
who was polybius
wealthy greek aristocrat and politician. banished from greece and went to rome and became friends with famous people. he had first hand information from men who served in campaigns and to public recordds and letters as well as the works of earlier historians. since he was greek, he wrote for greek audience and told about the roman army and government. he covers the rise of romes power
179
who was flavius josephus
educated Jewish man sent to rome as an ambassador. on his return to judea, he became one of the leaders of the revolt against roman government and was commander of jewish forces in galilee . he was captured by the romans and became a member of the entourage for roman general in command of the jewish campaign.
180
who was caesar
very successful generasl responsible for the conquest of gaul. powerful roman politician. his political ambition eventually led to a civil war, which he won and was made perpetual dictator. but then he was assassinated by his friends. he writes of himself in third person and glorifies his achievements.... so not the most credible source
181
who was sallust
roman senator and supporter of caesar. he devoted himself to writing a monograph with a thematic concern with the moral and political decline of rome. (compare livy!!!). bias against the senatorial aristocracy. narrative style is dramatic and effective.
182
who was livy
not involved in political or military life. he hated rome because of its political and moral decline and civil wars. he wrote a history of rome from the beginning to his own time. he wrote 142 books, mainly on the republican period and civil wars. he summarized both accounts of a story and noted the differences without trying to decide between them
183
who was tacitus
senator and lawyer. his major historical works are the Histories, which cover the civil wars after the death of nero and the reign of the flavian emperors. he was pro republican and this was seen through bias in his work. however, he was largely accurate and fact checked everything using state archives.
184
aevum
age ex: primeval
185
agere, actum
to do, conduct ex) agenda
186
annalis / annus
year example: annual
187
antiquus
old, ancient ex: antique
188
arche
beginning or governing power ex: archaelogy
189
archeion
place were magistrates had their offices and kept records ex: archives
190
autos
self ex: autobiography
191
bios
life ex: biology
192
chronos
time ex: chronological
193
cor, cordis
heart ex: record
194
curare, curatum
to care for ex: curate
195
ad + curare
to take care of
196
dare, datum
to give ex: data "things given"
197
facere, factum
to make, do ex: faction
198
finis
end ex: finish
199
graphein
TO WRITE ex: autograph
200
histor
knowing, or expert ex: historian
201
historia
account, story, history
202
memor
mindful of ex: memory
203
monumentum
monument
204
narrare, narratum
to tell, relate
205
obicere, obicectum
to throw against, oppose, expose ex: objective
206
primus
first
207
primitivus
first of its kind ex: primitivd
208
protos
early ex: protohistoric
209
semeion
mark, sign
210
temporalis
transitory ex: temporal
211
tempus
time
212
tradere, traditum
to hand over ex: tradition
213
anthropology
study of mankind anthropos "person, human"
214
zoology
study of animals zoon - animal
215
chromosome
chroma (color) + soma (body)
216
asymmetry
prefix a + prefix sym + combining form "metry"
217
telegraph
tele (far) + graph (writing)
218
theology
theo (god) + logy (study of)
219
acronym
akros (high) + onym (name)
220
autonomy
auto (self) + nomos (custom, law)
221
exodus
ex (out) + hodus (a path)
222
epitaph
epi (on, at) + taphos (tomb)
223
temporary
tempus (time)
224
intermittent
inter (in) + mittere (verb)
225
aggregate
ad (to) + gregarre (to collect in a flock)/ gather
226
equanimity
equi (equal) + anim (mind)
227
opposite
op (toward, against) + pos (place)
228
cosmetic
kosmein (to arrange, to adore)
229
metropolitan
meter (mother ) + polis (city) person or thing connected with a major city
230
geology
geo (earth) + logy
231
terrain
terrenus (belonging to the earth) from tera
232
terrestrial
belonging to the ground terra ( earth, land)
233
pharmacist
pharmakon (drugs)
234
gynecology
gyne - woman, female
235
amputate
amputare ( to cut off) or am (around) + putare (to prune/trim)
236
contraception
contra (against) + conceptio (conception)
237
regimen
regere (to rule)
238
abduct
239
capital
caput - head
240
detention
detinere - hold back
241
extortion
ex - out + torquere- to twist
242
posthumous
post - after + humous - death
243
economy
oikos - home oikonomia - home management
244
specialize
species - appearance
245
emancipate
manceps - a bidder, a purchaser manus - hand capere - to take to take out of someone's power, to liberate
246
manumit
manumittere - to release from power mittere - to send manus - hand
247
hydraulics
study of the properties of water in pipes hydr - water + aulos - pipe
248
agnostic
a - not + gnostos - to know to believe that there is no way of knowing if god is real
249
conscience
com - with + scire - to know scindere - to cut, divide faculty of knowing what's right
250
dialogue
dia - across + legein - to speak discussion between multiple people
251
animate
anima - breath, soul something alive
252
catharsis
katharsis - cleansing, purification
253
historiographer
histor - knowing, expert + graph - something written
254
primeval
aevum - age + primus - first
255
protohistory
protos - early history - an account, story
256
narrative
narrare to relate, to tell
257
temporal
temporalis - transitory
258
idiosyncrasy
idios - one's own + syn - together + krasis - mitxture physical constitution of an individual
259
megaphone
megas - great + phone - voice
260
geography
geo - earth graph - written description of earth's surface
261
hedonist
hedone - pleasure ist - nfs following an ethical system of which pleasure is the ultimate goal
262
prognosis
pro - before + gignoskein- to know
263
immigrate
in- in + migrare - to move
264
proceed
pro - before + cedere - to go
265
durable
durare - to harden
266
literate
liter - letter
267
pacify
pax- peace to make peace
268
hypnosis
hypn- sleep + osis - a condition of, disease
269
chloroma
chlor - light green + oma - a tumor
270
cirrhosis
cirrh - yellow osis - disease diseased condition of yellowness (of the liver)
271
mycetoma
myc - fungus, mold + oma - tumor a tumor caused by a fungus
272
tachylogia
tachy - swift , speed + logia - to speak
273
urbanization
urbs - stronghold +ize to make stronger
274
acromegaly
acro - high + mega - great excess growth hormone
275
isomorphic
iso - equal + morphe - form, shape same form or shape
276
dictation
dict- to speak
277
minority
minor - less
278
agronomy
science of land management for crop production agros - a field + nomos - law or custom
279
ecology
oikos - house logia - study of study of living things and their environment
280
inflation
in - into + flare - to blow
281
navigate
navis - ship
282
manuscript
manus - hand + scriptus - to write
283
philosophy
philo - love sophy - knowledge love of knowledge
284
psychology
psyche - mind + ology - study
285
dialect
legein - to say + dia - across, between
286
animal
anima - breath, soul any living sentient thing
287
egoist
ego - i viewing the world in relation to oneself
288
annual
annus - year
289
archaeology
arche - beginning +logy - stud of
290
commemorate
memorar - to remember
291
objective
objectum - object
292
tradition
tradere - to hand over