final- sleep Flashcards
Differentiate between REM and nREM sleep. Give specific characteristics about the body and brain. What is each very crucial for? When does it each occur?
REM= rapid eye movement, when dreaming occurs, body paralyzed but brain is on (that’s why we dream). Most important for learning and decreases as we age. Many REM cycles occur from hours 5-8 of sleep. Sexual arousal
nREM= deep sleep, first 1-3 hours of sleep. Brain off, body on, high muscle tone, no eye movement, no dream
Important neurotransmitters of sleep: give each of their functions- serotonin, acetylcholine, N.E, dopamine, alcohol.
sero–promotes sleep
ach–increased during REM
NE– lowered during REM
dopamine– wakefulness, if its blocked you fall asleep
alcohol–moderate leads to inducing sleep and increased wakefulness at 2nd half of night, heavy drinking leads to reduced REM.
Give up to 7 negative results of sleep deprivation
lowered lymphocytes, increased cortisol, increased BP, loss of REM, negative mood, lowered prefrontal cortical activity and increased amygdala activation.
Sleep disorders - Narcolepsy
What is it?
Symptoms
Daytime sleepiness, causes hallucinations when you are falling asleep, sleep paralysis, disease of REM sleep.
Sleep disorders - Sleep Apnea
What is it?
Symptoms
Lack of respiration during sleep, snore loud and kick hard
Sleep disorders - Insomnia
What is it?
Symptoms
poor sleeping habits, emotional problems
Sleep disorders - Somnambulism
What is it?
Symptoms
Sleep walking, feel disoriented and confused when woken
Sleep disorders - Enuresis
What is it?
Symptoms
bed wetting, manifest when anxiety occurs, most common in boys
Sleep disorders - Nightmares vs Night terrors
What is it?
Symptoms
Nightmare- during REM, remember what happens after they wake, common in 3-7 year olds
Night Terrors- in stage 4 sleep, don’t remember what happened, runs in boys
