Final (Simple Concepts)

Question 1

Thrombis (Def)

Answer 1

blood clot obstructing flow

Question 2

Platelet Adhesion: vWFs

Answer 2

a platelet adhesion protein: Von Wilebrand Factor, blood glycoprotein

Question 3

Platelet Adhesion: Fn

Answer 3

fibronectin: heavy glycoprotein that binds extracellular matrix components

Question 4

Extrinsic Pathway

Answer 4

tissue factor pathway that provides a quick burst of thrombin

Question 5

Intrinsic Pathway

Answer 5

contact activation… minor role in clot formation

Question 6

Fibrinolysis

Answer 6

breakdown of clot formations

Question 7

Host Foreign Body Response: Also known as ___ ___.

Answer 7

Wound Healing

Question 8

Wound Healing: inflammation: specific or nonspecific?

Answer 8

nonspecific

Question 9

Objectives of wound healing

Answer 9

destroy foreign objects, and promote regeneration and formation of fibroblastic scar tissue

Question 10

Dedifferentiation

Answer 10

when a cell must revert back to a prior state before being able to change form

Question 11

Transdifferentiation

Answer 11

when a mature cell does not need to revert back to a prior state to change form

Question 12

Innate Immune Response

Answer 12

Quick, nonspecific

Question 13

Adaptive Immune Response

Answer 13

Slower, specific

Question 14

Antibody structure: Fab region

Answer 14

interacts with antigen

Question 15

Antibody structure: Fc region

Answer 15

classifies types of immunoglobin

Question 16

Function of complement cascade(4)

Answer 16

Cell lysis, phagocytosis, Mast cell activation and PMN reciting, immune complex solubilization

Question 17

Cytokines: IL-1 (3 functions)

Answer 17

Cell activation of T,B,NK ; leukocyte adherence to endothelial cells ; fibroblasts collagen synthesis

Question 18

Cytokines: IL-4 (4 functions)

Answer 18

Prolif/Diff of B cells; isotype switching; mast and T cell proliferation; antagonistic with INF gamma

Question 19

Cytokines: IL-10 (2 functions)

Answer 19

Immunosuppression; inhibits cytokine expression

Question 20

Cytokines: GM-CSF (1 function)

Answer 20

Prolif/Activation of PMNs and monocytes from bone marrow

Question 21

PMNs

Answer 21

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Question 22

monocytes

Answer 22

eventually become macrophages

Question 23

neutrophils

Answer 23

base of the innate immune system

Question 24

Tox/Hyper: (description, participants, time, material): Type 1

Answer 24

immediate, IgE, histamine, heparin

Question 25

IgE

Answer 25

immunoglobulin: triggers mast cell release that starts allergic pathway

Question 26

heparin

Answer 26

thins blood

Question 27

Tox/Hyper: (description, participants, time, material): Type 2

Answer 27

cytotoxic, IgG IgM, platelet activation, time n/a, reported with biomaterials

Question 28

Tox/Hyper: (description, participants, time, material): Type 3

Answer 28

immune complex mediated, antigen/antibody reaction, days to weeks, NOT common to biomaterials

Question 29

Tox/Hyper: (description, participants, time, material): Type 4

Answer 29

cell mediated, antigen Tcells cytokines, delayed, metal and acrylics

Question 30

Material Centered Infection: what controls bacterial adhesion and colonization?

Answer 30

Van der Waals, hydrophobicity, pre-adsorbed proteins

Question 31

Competition surface interaction includes (3)

Answer 31

bacteria, host cells, and proteins

Question 32

Biofilms: what kind of coating, and what kind of resistance?

Answer 32

polysaccharide coating with antibiotic resistance

Question 33

BioCharMethods: Radioimmunoassay/ELISA

Answer 33

Used to characterize how much of an antibody exists, or how much protein is bound by a specific antibody

Question 34

BioCharMethods: Immunoprecipitation

Answer 34

Used to precipitate a specific protein out of solution by using an antibody that specifically binds to that protein

Question 35

BioCharMethods: Western Blotting

Answer 35

Proteins separated using gel electrophoresis, then a dyed antibody is added so that you can see the amount of that specific protein on a piece of paper

Question 36

BioCharMethods: FACS(Fluorescence activated cell sorting)

Answer 36

Used to separate different biological cells by using light scattering and fluorescent properties of each cell. These cells can be tagged with charges and put through an electric ring to physically separate them.

Question 37

BioCharMethods: Histology

Answer 37

microscopic anatomy of biologic molecules

Question 38

BioCharMethods: Scanning electron microscopy

Answer 38

uses an electron beam to produce an image of surface of a material.