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biology > final: semester 1 > Flashcards

final: semester 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

an organism is classified as an omnivore. Is it a heterotrophs or an autotroph? Is it a producer, consumer, or decomposer?

A

heterotroph, consumers

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2
Q

A scientist observed a process and then comes up with an idea that he or she explains that process. At that point, is the idea a hypothesis, theory or scientific law?

A

Hypothesis

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3
Q

what are the four criteria for life?

A

how is DNA, metabolism, reproduction, senses and responds to environment

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4
Q

name the classification groups in our hierarchical classification scheme order.

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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5
Q

an organism is a multicellular decomposer made of eukaryotic cells. To what kingdom doesn’t belong?

A

fungi

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6
Q

an organism is a single celled consumer made of prokaryotic cells. To what kingdom does it belong to?

A

Monera

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7
Q

what is the difference between an aerobic process and an anaerobic process?

A

aerobic uses oxygen

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8
Q

what do most bacteria use for locomotion

A

flagellum

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9
Q

what is the main mode of reproduction in bacteria?

A

binary fission

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10
Q

briefly describe conjunction in bacteria

A

a temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer, no offspring formed.

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11
Q

even though conjunction among bacteria does not result in offspring, it can significantly affect the population of a bacteria growth. Why?

A

it gives the bacteria new characteristics

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12
Q

what are the technical names of the three common bacterial shapes?

A

coccus ……..
barillus ‘-‘’,-‘,-
spirillum ssssss

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13
Q

what is the function of a contractile vacuole ?What is the difference between this and a food vacuole?

A

regulate the water in a cell, food vacuoles our packages of food floating around the cell

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14
Q

name at least two pathogenic organisms from kingdom Protista

A

plasmodia >malaria

amoeba >amoebic dyssentary

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15
Q

what is mutualism?

A

both benefit.ex:lichen

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16
Q

which contains the organisms responsible for most of the photosynthesis that occurs on earth? What generic term is used to refer to these organisms?

A

chrysophyta, diatoms

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17
Q

what two phyla contain mostly macroscopic algae?

A

phatophyta>brown

rodaphyta> red

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18
Q

Study of life

A

Biology

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19
Q

The study of animals

A

zoology

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20
Q

The study of plants

A

Botany

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21
Q

four criteria for life

A

DNA, metabolism, reproduction, senses and responds to environment

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22
Q

type of asexual reproduction

A

mitosis

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23
Q

how many cells at the end of mitosis

A

two, exactly alike with full sets of chromosomes

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24
Q

type of sex reproduction

A

meiosis

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25
Q

how many cells at the end of meiosis

A

four, have chromosomes

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26
Q

Producer

A

makes their own food, plant

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27
Q

consumer

A

gets their own food, animal

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28
Q

decomposer

A

feeds on dead organisms, mushroom

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29
Q

herbivores

A

eat plants

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30
Q

omnivores

A

eat both plants and animals

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31
Q

carnivores

A

eat meat

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32
Q

special characteristic of Protista kingdom

A

Half of everything

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33
Q

a two name naming system

A

binomial nomenclature

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34
Q

prokaryotic

A

unorganized nucleus

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35
Q

eukaryotic

A

organized nucleus

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36
Q

pathogenic

A

disease causing

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37
Q

reason for bacteria

A

breaks down waist, decomposer

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38
Q

Best way for bacteria to reproduce

A

binary fission

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39
Q

example of one bacteria having a DNA set and another copying it

A

conjugation

40
Q

places a bacteria can pick up DNA

A

Dead DNA, a virus can change it

41
Q

autotroph

A

Producer

42
Q

heterotroph

A

consumer

43
Q

parasite

A

feeds on living host

44
Q

aerobic

A

needs air

45
Q

anaerobic

A

does not need air

46
Q

what doesnt need air

A

swap gas

47
Q

what does bacteria need to grow

A

moisture, food, temperature, light, maybe oxygen

48
Q

contractile vacuole

A

regulate water

49
Q

why is algae important

A

70% of our oxygen is from algae

50
Q

sessile

A

anchored to something

51
Q

string of fungi cells

A

Hyphae

52
Q

type of hyphae that acts like Roots

A

rhizoid hyphae

53
Q

what does parasitic fungus need to have

A

Haustorium

54
Q

how does yeast reproduce

A

budding

55
Q

when two halves of DNA come together to make another

A

zygotes

56
Q

Half algae half fungi

A

lichen

57
Q

how does lichen reproduce

A

Soredium

58
Q

symbiotic relationship fungus and plant root?

A

michorriza

59
Q

when both benefit

A

mutualism

60
Q

One benefits and one is hurt

A

parasitism

61
Q

One benefits one gets nothing

A

commensalism

62
Q

an atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

A

isotope

63
Q

Metal and metal

A

covalent

64
Q

Metal and nonmetal

A

ionic

65
Q

Area of high to low solutation

A

diffusion

66
Q

semi permeable membrane, low to high

A

osmosis

67
Q

A living organism makes something

A

biosynthesis

68
Q

carbon and water mixed

A

carbohydrate

69
Q

base unit for a carbohydrate

A

monosaccharides

70
Q

two monosaccharides

A

disaccharides

71
Q

two or more monosaccharides

A

polysaccharides

72
Q

Quick energy

A

carbohydrates

73
Q

what builds muscle

A

protein

74
Q

proteins base

A

amino acids

75
Q

lipid made of

A

three fatty acid’s, one glycerol

76
Q

lipids are used for

A

storing energy

77
Q

sour, hydrogen ions

A

acid

78
Q

feels slimy

A

base

79
Q

acid base equation

A

HCl+NaOH -> NaCl+H2O

80
Q

Bad fat

A

saturated

81
Q

good fat

A

unsaturated

82
Q

Bond that holds protein together

A

peptide

83
Q

protein that acts like a catalyst

A

enzyme

84
Q

A GCT

A

DNA

85
Q

Bond that holds DNA together

A

hydrogen bonds

86
Q

The study of cells

A

cytology

87
Q

substance cell parts float in

A

cytoplasm

88
Q

what makes ATP

A

mitochondria

89
Q

what makes steroids

A

smooth ER

90
Q

what are ribosomes made by

A

Nucleolus

91
Q

what does the rough ER make

A

phospholipids

92
Q

what is built on the ribosomes

A

proteins

93
Q

what does the Golgi body do

A

post office

94
Q

what determines the type of transport

A

size

95
Q

what do centrioles make

A

flagellum, cilia, spindle fibers

96
Q

kinds of vacuoles

A

waste, food, water, contractile

biology (14 decks)

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