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Science 2023/2024 > Final Science > Flashcards

Final Science Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How old is Earth according to scientists?

A

Earth is 4.6 billion years old according to scientists

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2
Q

What do fossils provide evidence of?

A

They provide evidence of how life and the environmental conditions have changed over time.

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3
Q

What is the age of Earth based on?

A

Fossil records

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4
Q

What is a fossil?

A

A fossil is preserved remains or traces of an organism.

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5
Q

What did scientists create to help them understand the age of the earth?

A

Geological time scales

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6
Q

What conditions are needed for a fossil to form?

A

The type of organism and the environmental conditions in which it dies.

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7
Q

What happens to organisms when landmasses split or when the climate changes?

A

They evolved

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8
Q

What are the geologic time scale categories (4)

A

eon, era, epoch in order.

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9
Q

Which type of rock are you most likely to find a fossil?

A

Sedimentary Rock

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10
Q

What is adaptation?

A

The organism’ ability to change to respond the environment

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11
Q

How do organisms inherit their traits?

A

Their parents

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12
Q

What traits can you inherit?

A

Eye color, face shape, and hair color

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13
Q

What are all organisms constantly working towards?

A

They are striving to survive

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14
Q

Which animal species is most likely to survive as humans change their environment?

A

Those that will best be able to adapt to the changes are more likely to survive.

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15
Q

What is camouflage?

A

Color or pattern on an animals’ body to help blend in from predators

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16
Q

What is genetic variation?

A

Presence of natural differences within a species

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17
Q

What is natural selection?

A

The theory stating that natural variation among organisms that make them best adapted to their environment live and reproduce, therefore passing on to their offspring the genetic qualities best suited to that environment

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18
Q

What type of population growth do developed countries have

A

Not a lot of population growth

19
Q

What type of population growth do developing countries have?

A

There is a lot of population growth

20
Q

What are some problems human population growth causes?

A

More burning of fossil fuels, more traffic, more pollution

21
Q

What is the world’s population now? What is the world population estimated to be in 2050?

A

8 billion and the it is estimated to be 9 billion

22
Q

How often does Earth’s population double in size?

A

The Earth’s population doubles every 50 years.

23
Q

How does growing populations affect transportation?

A

Growing populations affect it because It can be hard to move millions of people around big cities.

24
Q

What tends to happen to the populations in developing countries over time, as the countries become more developed?

A

Growth eventually slows down.

25
Q

What is a push factor?

A

Push factor are things that push you away from an area.

26
Q

Give 2 examples of a push factor.

A

Three push factors that affect population growth are crime, no job opportunities, and not living in proximity to people you know (such as friends, family ect.)

27
Q

What are the pull factors?

A

Pull factors are factors that pull you to an area.

28
Q

Give 2 examples of pull factors.

A

Three pull factors that affect population growth are job opportunities, good area (less crime), and proximity to family and friends.

29
Q

How do chemicals benefit society?

A

Chemicals prevent crops from being ,medicines, cleaning supplies, food preservatives, agriculture

30
Q

How do chemicals hurt society?

A

Chemicals can cause health problems, contribute to water pollution, kills animals, pollute air and ground

31
Q

What government agencies test and approve the use of chemicals?

A

FDA and EPA

32
Q

What is the goal of these agencies?

A

The goal is preventing harmful side effects.

33
Q

Why are people living longer?

A

Modern Medecine

34
Q

What are natural chemicals?

A

Natural chemicals are chemicals that occur naturally such as oil.

35
Q

What are synthetic chemicals?

A

Chemicals that are made by humans.

36
Q

How is organic farming different from traditional farming?

A

Organic farming is different from traditional farming because Organic farming does not use chemical pesticides..

37
Q

What are the 4 types of chemical hazards?

A

flammability , corrosive, reactivity, and toxic

38
Q

What must people do when deciding whether or not to use a chemical?

A

You need to weigh the benefits and risks of the chemical..

39
Q

What are pesticides?

A

Chemicals that control the amount of pests on crops

40
Q

What are homogeneous mixtures?

A

homogeneous mixture is an evenly distributed and uniform, cannot be physically separated from each other.

41
Q

Give an example.

A

; Soda; Salt water

42
Q

What are heterogeneous mixtures?`

A

Heterogeneous mixture is not evenly distributed and not uniform mixture can be physically separated.

43
Q

Give an example.

A

Salad dressing and salad

Science 2023/2024 (11 decks)

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