Final - Review Session

Question 1

What is CN#5?

Answer 1

Trigeminal

Question 2

Glia Cells

Answer 2

Support the neurons

Question 3

What NT mostly controls muscular movements at the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 3

ACh

Question 4

Where is the primary motor cortex?

Answer 4

Pre-Central Gyrus

Question 5

What photoreceptor is used to see colors?

Answer 5

Cones

Question 6

What part of a neuron sends the signal?

Answer 6

Axon

Question 7

What 1/2 of the brain controls the left side of the body?

Answer 7

Right

Question 8

What NT is mostly implicated in depression?

Answer 8

5-HT

Question 9

Where is the primary sensory cortex?

Answer 9

Post-central gyrus

Question 10

What type of photoreceptor is most prevalent in fovea?

Answer 10

Cones

Question 11

Depletion of cells in this DA producing structure is implicated in being primary cause of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 11

Substantia Nigra

Question 12

These drugs are typically used to treat anxiety disorders?

Answer 12

Benzos

Question 13

What is the average age of onset for SZ?

Answer 13

19.2 years

Question 14

What is the main nucleus in the amygdala that sends out all the information?

Answer 14

Central

Question 15

This term is used to describe an external stimulus that resets your biological clock?

Answer 15

Zeitgeber

Question 16

Name the structures in the visual pathways from the retina to the occipital cortex, naming 3 neurons in the retina, the nucleus in the thalamus, and the name of the primary visual cortex?

Answer 16

• Rods, cones –>
• Bipolar Cells
• Ganglion Cells
• LGN
• V1

Question 17

Where are graded potentials found in a neuron?

Answer 17

Dendrite (where have EPSPs and IPSPs)

Question 18

What’s another name for the cell body of a neuron?

Answer 18

Soma

Question 19

What sense does not 1st go to the thalamus?

Answer 19

Smell

Question 20

What NT is involved in movement in striatum?

Answer 20

DA

Question 21

How many ventricles are there in the brain?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

What type of ganglion cells do the cones feed into?

Answer 22

Parvocellular Cells (NOT magno)

Question 23

What hemisphere is most often specialized for language?

Answer 23

Left

Question 24

What nucleus in the thalamus relays visual information?

Answer 24

LGN

Question 25

Name an excitatory AA NT?

Answer 25

Glutamate

Question 26

What are the ventricles in brain filled with?

Answer 26

CSF

Question 27

What layers of the LGN receive parvocellular input?

Answer 27

3, 4, 5, 6

Question 28

Name 2 of the major areas of limbic system

Answer 28

Amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, septal nuclei, mamillary bodies, entorhinal cortex, fornix

Question 29

This treatment is effective in treating depression

Answer 29

ECT

Question 30

What is the seasonal hypothesis of SZ?

Answer 30

SZs most often born in spring

Question 31

The cortical columns in V1 are referred to by this term?

Answer 31

Ocular dominance columns

Question 32

What is the precursor to all catecholamines?

Answer 32

L-Tyrosine

Question 33

Modern drugs that treat SZ are atypical antipsychotics. Name 2 ways in which they are atypical

Answer 33

Block D4 receptors (not D2), increase DA activity in PFC

Question 34

What structure connects 2 halves of brain?

Answer 34

CC

Question 35

What nucleus in the thalamus relays hearing information?

Answer 35

MGN

Question 36

Name an inhibitory AA NT?

Answer 36

Glycine, GABA

Question 37

What structure in the brain makes CSF?

Answer 37

Choiroid Plexus

Question 38

Parvocellular input makes up most of what visual pathway?

Answer 38

Ventral stream

Question 39

What is another name for primary visual cortex?

Answer 39

Striate Cortex

Question 40

Where is primary auditory cortex?

Answer 40

Temporal lobe

Question 41

What does the basal ganglia do?

Answer 41

Movement

Question 42

Name 1 difference b/w NTs and hormones

Answer 42

NTs go small distance, hormones go longer distance

Question 43

This brain slice exposes the entire CC from the anterior end to the posterior end?

Answer 43

Sagittal

Question 44

These nuclei in the midbrain are a main source of 5-HT in the brain?

Answer 44

Raphe Nuclei

Question 45

What is the specific classification of the drugs zoloft, prozac and paxil?

Answer 45

SSRIs

Question 46

Give examples of positive and negative symptoms found in SZ?

Answer 46

Positive * Hallucinations * Delusions Negative * Flat affect * Anhedonia * Social Withdrawal

Question 47

Of synchrony or desynchrony, what is the characteristic EEG pattern during wakefulness?

Answer 47

Desynchrony | (They're synchronized in SWS)

Question 48

What does Ca do when it comes in the presynaptic terminal and releases NTs from vessicles?

Answer 48

Stuff

Question 49

Drugs that act as hallucinogens (e.g., LSD, MDMA) primarily act on what receptors?

Answer 49

5-HT_2a

Question 50

Name the sulcus that separates the brain medially?

Answer 50

Central sulcus

Question 51

Name a center in the brain important for language?

Answer 51

Broca Wernicke's

Question 52

What does limbic system do?

Answer 52

Emotions

Question 53

Name the CNs involved in vision

Answer 53

* Optic * Oculormotor * Abducens * Trochlear

Question 54

Name the color that best describes the tissue making up the outermost layers of the cortex

Answer 54

Gray

Question 55

This syndrome which follows bilateral temporal lobe removal is identifiable by hypersexuality and psychic blindness?

Answer 55

Kluven-Bucy

Question 56

SZ is most often treated with this class of drugs?

Answer 56

DA antagonists

Question 57

Name neuronal cell type found in the cerebellum

Answer 57

Purkinje

Question 58

Name the fissure that separates the 2 halves lengthwise?

Answer 58

Longitudinal Fissure

Question 59

Where do the optic nerves cross?

Answer 59

Optic Chiasm

Question 60

Name the fissure in the brain surrounded by V1

Answer 60

Calcarine Fissure

Question 61

Name a pleasure center in the brain

Answer 61

NaC, Septal Nuclei

Question 62

What lobe of the brain is used primarily for vision?

Answer 62

Occipital Lobe

Question 63

Where do the motor axons cross?

Answer 63

Pyramids

Question 64

Who has bigger brains on average, men or women?

Answer 64

Men

Question 65

What is the law of Bell/Majendie

Answer 65

States that the upper 1/2 of spinal cord has information going to the brain and the lower 1/2 has information coming from the brain

Question 66

Sham rage results from this surgical procedure when performed on cats?

Answer 66

Removal of cortex