Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Diagnostic Sonography Hagen > Final Review Abdomen Q3 > Flashcards

Final Review Abdomen Q3 Flashcards

1
Q

The small intestine is suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by the

A

Mesentery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The general peritoneal cavity is known as the ________ of the peritoneum

A

Greater sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A small vertical opening between the greater and lesser sacs is termed the

A

Epiploic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A double layer of peritoneum extending from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach is called

A

Lesser omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An apron like fold of peritoneum that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach is the

A

Greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Connects the gastric greater curvature to the superior splenic hilum

A

Gastrosplenic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Separates the lesser sac from the renosplenic recess

A

Splenorenal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The paired rectus abdominis muscles are delineated medially in the midline of the body by the

A

Linea Alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

Ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anterior displacement of the kidney and ureter suggests a mass in the

A

Retroperitoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What lesion may mimic a gas containing abscess

A

Teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Differential diagnosis of a lesser sac abscess should include all of the following except:
A) Pseudocyst
B) Gastric outlet obstruction
C) Fluid filled stomach
D) Pancreatic carcinoma
A

Pancreatic carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The most common primary lesions to develop peritoneal metastasis originate in the

A

Ovaries, stomach, and colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The most common sites for abdominal abscess formation

A

Hepatic recesses and perihepatic spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Generalized ascites, inflammatory fluid from acute abdominal processes/diseases can be found in which area?

A

Hepatorenal recess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The lesser sac is located

A

Anterior to the pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Inflammatory or malignant ascites demonstrate all the following characteristics

A

Matting of bowel loops, fine or coarse internal echoes, loculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An extra hepatic loculated fluid collection that may develop because of a spontaneous rupture of the biliary tree is called

A

Biloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A cystic mass between the umbilicus and the bladder is called

A

Urachal cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lies freely over the intestines similar to an apron

A

Greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fluid collects in the most ______ areas of the abdomen and pelvis

A

Dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Clinical signs and symptoms of infection

A

Chills, weakness, localized tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A smooth membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity and is reflected over the contained organs is the

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hernia location that typically contains fat

A

Epigastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A collection of fluid that occurs after surgery to the pelvis

A

Lymphoceles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The _____ is able to adhere to diseased organs

A

Greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The kidneys lie in the

A

Retroperitoneum

28
Q

The pyramids are located in the _______ of the kidney

A

Medulla

29
Q

Located at the base of the pyramids are the _____ arteries

A

Arcuate

30
Q

Layer of connective tissue encapsulating the kidneys is called

A

Gerota’s fascia

31
Q

The upper expanded end of the ureter is called

A

Renal pelvis

32
Q

The cavity formed by necrosis within a solid tissue or collection of purulent material is called

A

Abscess

33
Q

The renal pelvis lies within the _____ of the kidney and receives ________ calyces

A

Hilum, major

34
Q

The renal vein emerges from the renal hilum _____ to the renal artery

A

Anterior

35
Q

What are prominent invaginations of the renal cortex at varying depths within the medullary substance of the kidney

A

Columns of bertin

36
Q

Horseshoe kidney is suggested when the _______ of the kidneys are seen connected

A

Lower poles

37
Q

An extrarenal pelvis lies outside the renal sinus sonographically appearing as a cystic collection ______ to the renal hilum

A

Medial

38
Q

Most common form of cystic disease and cause of an abdominal mass in neonates

A

MCDK(Multicystic Dysplastic kidney)

39
Q

When a renal mass is detected, the sonographer should also evaluate which structures

A

Renal vein, IVC, liver, contralateral kidney

40
Q

Another term for renal cell carcinoma

A

Grawitz tumor

41
Q

Most renal cell carcinomas appear

A

Isoechoic

42
Q

The most common primary malignancies that metastasize to the kidneys

A

Lung, breast, RCC of contralateral kidney

43
Q

Most common childhood renal tumor

A

Wilms tumor

44
Q

Most common benign renal tumor

A

Angiomylipoma

45
Q

Patients with _______ have an increased incidence of renal cysts and angiomyolipomas

A

Tuberous sclerosis

46
Q

Conditions that mimic hydronephrosis

A

Extrarenal pelvis, reflux, renal artery aneurysm

47
Q

Surgical emergency due to air in the parenchyma

A

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

48
Q

Occurs when part of the renal tissue undergoes necrosis after cessation of blood supply

A

Infarction

49
Q

The ______ appears hypoechoic sonographically

A

Renal cortex

50
Q

The ______ arteries are the smallest renal arteries that branch off the arcuate arteries

A

Interlobular

51
Q

At the hilum of the kidney, the _____ exits anteriorly and the ureter exit posteriorly

A

Renal vein

52
Q

Anterior to the right kidney

A

Right adrenal gland, right colic flexure, liver, Morrison’s pouch, second part of duodenum

53
Q

The ____ are located at the _____ of the pyramids and sends urine to the minor calyces

A

Papilla, apex

54
Q

Characterized by the moderate deposition of fat in the renal sinus

A

Sinus lipomatosis

55
Q

Characterized by retinal and CNS hemangioblastomas

A

Von Hippel-Lindau

56
Q

A bilateral disease characterized by enlarged kidneys and multiple asymmetrical cysts in the fourth or fifth decade of life

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

57
Q

Occurs in the medullary pyramids and appears as cystic dilation of the distal collecting ducts

A

Medullary sponge kidney

58
Q

Necrosis of the glomeruli of the kidney resulting in enlarged and poorly functioning kidneys is

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

59
Q

Associated with infectious diseases and may be due to an allergic reaction to drugs

A

Acute interstitial Nephritis

60
Q

Pre renal causes of renal failure

A

Inadequate perfusion….

61
Q

In acute kidney injury the kidneys may appear sonographically as

A

Normal/enlarged, hypoechoic

62
Q

Causes of hydronephrosis

A

Normal pregnancy, enlarged prostate, UPJ obstruction

63
Q

A resistive index greater than ___ is suggestive of obstructive Hydronephrosis

A

0.7

64
Q

A megaureter measures greater than _____ in diameter

A

7mm

65
Q

Anderson-Carr or Albrights are other terms for which renal abnormality

A

Nephrocalcinosis

66
Q

Most common cause of nephrocalcinosis is

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

67
Q

What is the most common renal tumor in neonates and infants (typically seen with polyhydramnios)

A

Mesoblastic nephroma

Diagnostic Sonography Hagen (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions