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Diagnostic Sonography Hagen > Final Ab q3 > Flashcards

Final Ab q3 Flashcards

1
Q

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall by the

A

Falciform ligament

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2
Q

Fatty infiltration may be observed in all patients except those with

A

Hepatoportal fistula

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3
Q

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder caused by obstruction of the

A

Hepatic veins

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4
Q

Echinococcal cysts have the highest incidence in countries in which

A

Sheep herding is common

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5
Q

The most common benign tumor of the liver is

A

Cavernous hemangioma

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6
Q

What benign liver tumor has been found in patients with type 1 glycogen storage disease?

A

Adenoma

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7
Q

Patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma are more likely to have had

A

Cirrhosis

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8
Q

Diminished vascular structures within the liver parenchyma most likely represent

A

Cirrhosis

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9
Q

The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the

A

Ligamentum teres

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10
Q

Elevation of serum bilirubin results in

A

Jaundice

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11
Q

Typical symptoms a patient may have with an abscess formation include

A

Fever, pain, leukocytosis

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12
Q

A sheep farmer arrives at the hospital with RUQ pain, fever, elevated WBC. Sonogram shows an irregular mass showing low-level echoes. What is your differential diagnosis?

A

Echinococcal cyst

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13
Q

Tumor consisting of large blood-filled spaces

A

Cavernous hemangioma

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14
Q

The amebic abscess may reach the liver through the

A

Portal vein

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15
Q

Venous drainage of the caudate lobe is through the

A

Emissary veins

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16
Q

Following the direction of fetal circulation, which comes next?

Umbilical vein—>left portal vein—> ductus venous—> ______

A

IVC

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17
Q

Supplies the liver with 25% of its blood supply

A

Proper hepatic artery

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18
Q

Divides the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe

A

Left intersegmental fissure and left hepatic vein

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19
Q

This type of hepatitis is acquired through fecal/oral route of transmission

A

Hepatitis A

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20
Q

Occurs almost exclusively in immigrants or travelers

A

Amebic abscess

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21
Q

Appears as “wheel within wheel” pattern

A

Candidiasis

22
Q

The casoni skin test is used to evaluate this liver condition

A

Echinococcal cyst

23
Q

Which disease is due to excessive copper deposits in the body?

A

Wilson’s disease

24
Q

1 cause of cirrhosis

A

Hepatitis C

25
Q

Portal vein diameter exceeding _____ suggests portal hypertension

A

13mm

26
Q

Physical signs of collateral circulation

A

Hemorrhoids, caput Medusa, ascites

27
Q

What is a “stealth lesion”

A

FNH

28
Q

Which of the following lab values decreases with liver disease?

A

Serum Albumin

29
Q

The right and left hepatic ducts unite to form which duct?

A

Common hepatic duct

30
Q

Normal CBD should not exceed

A

6-7mm

31
Q

Normal variant in which the fundus folds over itself is called

A

Phrygian cap

32
Q

Located at the neck; helps prevent kinking of the duct in the gallbladder

A

Heister valves

33
Q

The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is

A

Cholelithiasis

34
Q

Gas forming bacteria in the wall of the gallbladder

A

Emphysematous cholecystitis

35
Q

Rare, calcium deposits in the gallbladder wall

A

Porcelain gallbladder

36
Q

Also known as strawberry gallbladder.

A

Cholesterolosis

37
Q

Causes ring down artifact to appear at the anterior gallbladder wall

A

Adenomyomatosis

38
Q

Polyp size indicative of malignancy

A

11mm

39
Q

Hyperplastic changes in the gallbladder wall causing formation of diverticula is associated

A

Adenomyomatosis

40
Q

The common bile duct passes _____ to the pancreatic head, joining the duct of ________ at the ampulla of Vater

A

Posterior, wirsung

41
Q

The portal triad consists of

A

Portal vein, proper hepatic artery, common hepatic duct

42
Q

Blood supply to the gallbladder is from the

A

Cystic artery

43
Q

Sludge may be thick and mimic an intraluminal gallbladder mass, this is called

A

Tumefactive sludge

44
Q

Also known as hydrops of the gallbladder

A

Mucocele

45
Q

The dilated hepatic duct adjacent to the portal vein indicates the

A

Shotgun sign

46
Q

If the obstruction is located at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, what will dilate?

A

Intrahepatic ducts only

47
Q

If the obstruction is located at the distal CBD, what dilates?

A

Intrahepatic ducts, cystic duct, gallbladder

48
Q

compression of the common hepatic duct as a result of an impacted stone in the cystic duct?

A

Mirizzi Syndrome

49
Q

A congenital anomaly of the biliary tract characterized by multifocal segmental dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts is

A

Caroli disease

50
Q

The ______ refers to the dilation of the CBD and duct of wirsung

A

Double duct sign

Diagnostic Sonography Hagen (8 decks)

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