Final Ab q3 Flashcards
The liver is suspended from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall by the
Falciform ligament
Fatty infiltration may be observed in all patients except those with
Hepatoportal fistula
Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder caused by obstruction of the
Hepatic veins
Echinococcal cysts have the highest incidence in countries in which
Sheep herding is common
The most common benign tumor of the liver is
Cavernous hemangioma
What benign liver tumor has been found in patients with type 1 glycogen storage disease?
Adenoma
Patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma are more likely to have had
Cirrhosis
Diminished vascular structures within the liver parenchyma most likely represent
Cirrhosis
The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the
Ligamentum teres
Elevation of serum bilirubin results in
Jaundice
Typical symptoms a patient may have with an abscess formation include
Fever, pain, leukocytosis
A sheep farmer arrives at the hospital with RUQ pain, fever, elevated WBC. Sonogram shows an irregular mass showing low-level echoes. What is your differential diagnosis?
Echinococcal cyst
Tumor consisting of large blood-filled spaces
Cavernous hemangioma
The amebic abscess may reach the liver through the
Portal vein
Venous drainage of the caudate lobe is through the
Emissary veins
Following the direction of fetal circulation, which comes next?
Umbilical vein—>left portal vein—> ductus venous—> ______
IVC
Supplies the liver with 25% of its blood supply
Proper hepatic artery
Divides the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe
Left intersegmental fissure and left hepatic vein
This type of hepatitis is acquired through fecal/oral route of transmission
Hepatitis A
Occurs almost exclusively in immigrants or travelers
Amebic abscess
Appears as “wheel within wheel” pattern
Candidiasis
The casoni skin test is used to evaluate this liver condition
Echinococcal cyst
Which disease is due to excessive copper deposits in the body?
Wilson’s disease
1 cause of cirrhosis
Hepatitis C
Portal vein diameter exceeding _____ suggests portal hypertension
13mm
Physical signs of collateral circulation
Hemorrhoids, caput Medusa, ascites
What is a “stealth lesion”
FNH
Which of the following lab values decreases with liver disease?
Serum Albumin
The right and left hepatic ducts unite to form which duct?
Common hepatic duct
Normal CBD should not exceed
6-7mm
Normal variant in which the fundus folds over itself is called
Phrygian cap
Located at the neck; helps prevent kinking of the duct in the gallbladder
Heister valves
The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is
Cholelithiasis
Gas forming bacteria in the wall of the gallbladder
Emphysematous cholecystitis
Rare, calcium deposits in the gallbladder wall
Porcelain gallbladder
Also known as strawberry gallbladder.
Cholesterolosis
Causes ring down artifact to appear at the anterior gallbladder wall
Adenomyomatosis
Polyp size indicative of malignancy
11mm
Hyperplastic changes in the gallbladder wall causing formation of diverticula is associated
Adenomyomatosis
The common bile duct passes _____ to the pancreatic head, joining the duct of ________ at the ampulla of Vater
Posterior, wirsung
The portal triad consists of
Portal vein, proper hepatic artery, common hepatic duct
Blood supply to the gallbladder is from the
Cystic artery
Sludge may be thick and mimic an intraluminal gallbladder mass, this is called
Tumefactive sludge
Also known as hydrops of the gallbladder
Mucocele
The dilated hepatic duct adjacent to the portal vein indicates the
Shotgun sign
If the obstruction is located at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, what will dilate?
Intrahepatic ducts only
If the obstruction is located at the distal CBD, what dilates?
Intrahepatic ducts, cystic duct, gallbladder
compression of the common hepatic duct as a result of an impacted stone in the cystic duct?
Mirizzi Syndrome
A congenital anomaly of the biliary tract characterized by multifocal segmental dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts is
Caroli disease
The ______ refers to the dilation of the CBD and duct of wirsung
Double duct sign
