Final - Quiz Questions Flashcards
An important reason for paracrine signaling is
one cell influences one or more other cells in its immediate vicinity
What is the second stage of cell signaling?
Signal transduction
With regard to the EGF receptor pathway, what is the role of Ras, which is a relay protein that is activated by the binding of GTP?
Ras activates a protein kinase cascade
The function of the ECM in animals is to
provide tensile strength, prevent compression, and organize cells and other body parts
The function of a tight junction in animals is to
prevent the leakage of materials between cells
What is needed to keep glycolysis running?
ATP, glucose, and NAD+
During the breakdown of glucose to make ATP, a common phenomenon that happens to the carbon in glucose and its organic breakdown products is
oxidation
The net products of glycolysis are
2 pyruvate molecules, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH
During glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, electrons are removed from
organic molecules to make NADH from NAD+ and H+
The source of energy that directly drives the synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation is the
H+ gradient
ATP is made via substrate-level phosphorylation during
glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
Which of the following does not occur in the stroma?
a) synthesis of ATP
b) synthesis of NADPH
c) synthesis of O2 from water
d) carbon fixation
synthesis of O2 from water
During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an electron travels from water to P680 and eventually to NADPH. Where does it have the highest amount of energy?
P700 in PSI
What are the two key things that happen at the reaction center of PSII?
The transfer of a high-energy electron and the splitting of water to make O2
The function of the light-harvesting complex in PSI and PSII is to
absorb light
