Final preparation Flashcards
What basic assumption was the centerpiece of Freud’s theory:
A) If a symptom is not of physiological origin and the patient is consciously trying to stop it but cannot, then opposing the conscious will must be an unconscious counter-will of equal or greater magnitude
B) The need for relatedness is a central motive in humans, and people will distort their personalities to maintain ties to important people in their lives.
C) The delineation of basic factors in personality initially arose from the assumption that important individual differences are likely to show up in language
D) human beings are basically good but their personalities become distorted by interpersonal experiences, especially in childhood
A) If a symptom is not of physiological origin and the patient is consciously trying to stop it but cannot, then opposing the conscious will must be an unconscious counter-will of equal or greater magnitude
Which of the following refers to a basic personality disposition heavily
influenced by
genes:
a) Traits
b) Temperament
c) Heratibility
d) Agreeablness
b) Temperament
identified three overarching psychological super-traits: extroversion-introversion, neuroticism-emotional stability and psychoticism-impulse control.
a) Cattell
b) Maslow
c) Ashton and Colleagues
d) Eysenck
d) Eysenck
I’m an Aquarius and according to my horoscope I’m super smart, athletic, coffee is my spirit animal, and I’m just so incredible. Also according to my horoscope I have the best personality out of ALLLLLLLLL of the star signs……
* horoscopes are an example of what?
a) Barnum effect
According to Jungian psychology, the archetype represents what?
a) The conscious mind, it comprises an individual’s conscious thoughts, memories, and emotions, and reflects how one views oneself
b) A form of the unconscious comprising memories and impulses of which the individual is not aware and represents those structures of the unconscious mind that are common to humans
c) A universal, archaic patterns and images (including fantasies, dreams and cultural practices) that reside within the cd unconscious and are actualized when they ente
are
manifested in behaviour.
AVERST
d) An evil character in a movie
c) A universal, archaic patterns and images (including fantasies, dreams and cultural practices) that reside within the cd unconscious and are actualized when they ente
are
manifested in behaviour.
AVERST
_____ effect when an interpretation of a personality test is so broad it could apply to anyone, so people are willing to accept the results as fact
Barnum effect
TRUE Or FLASE?
Eysenck believed that differences in traits, particularly those traits associated with the extroversion-introversion super-trait, could be traced to underlying differences in cortical arousal, which is regulated by the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS). He argued that extroverts, who constantly seek arousal through interacting with people and novel situations, have a lower resting level of ARAS than introverts. Thus, introverts are more alert (cortically aroused) than extroverts.
TRUE
____ ____ refers to enduring patterns of behaviour in intimate relationships and to the motivational, cognitive and affective processes that produce those patterns
Object relations
Which of the following factors are associated with the cognitive approach to personality?
?
a) Sensation
b) Perception
c) Intelligence
d) Feelings
e) Interpretation
f) Needs
g) Beliefs and Desires
b) Perception
c) Intelligence
e) Interpretation
g) Beliefs and Desires
Does low self-esteem involve a negative self-view?
No!
low self-esteem does not involve negative self-view but the absence of positive views
_______ happens when a person’s attitudes and behaviours are inconsistent. This causes people to rationalise their ______and bring their ______ into line with their actions.
However, as _____ plays a role in cognitive dissonance, people seek to justify and rationalise any suffering or effort they have made, called ____ _____.
Cognitive dissonance
behaviours
attitudes
self-preservation
effort justification
______ personality, characterised by a tendency to hate people who are different or downtrodden
authoritarian
People tend to choose casual acquaintances, as well as mates and best friends, on the basis of shared attitudes, values and interests. This tendency for individuals to affiliate with like-minded friends, especially during adolescence, is called ____ (similarity)
homophily
about __percent of the population has at least one irrational fear or phobia
5%
Cognitive–social theories have contributed substantially to the study of personality, bringing into focus the role of ___ and ___in personality
thought ,
memory
