Final Practical (Digestive Anatomy)

Question 1

Enamel function

Answer 1

protects teeth from wear and tear

Question 2

Dentin function

Answer 2

gives teeth shape and rigidity

Question 3

Pulp cavity function

Answer 3

provides nourishment, protection, and sensation

Question 4

Incisors function

Answer 4

mastication

Question 5

Uvula function

Answer 5

blocks nasal cavity from food

Question 6

Epiglottis function

Answer 6

seals off windpipe during swallowing

Question 7

Upper esophageal sphincter function

Answer 7

regulates movement of food from pharynx into esophagus

Question 8

Lower esophageal sphincter function

Answer 8

regulates movement of food from esophagus into stomach

Question 9

Rugae function

Answer 9

expansion of stomach

Question 10

Longitudinal smooth muscle

Answer 10

Shorten length of stomach

Question 11

Circular smooth muscle

Answer 11

regulates flow of fluids through constriction & dilation

Question 12

Oblique smooth muscle

Answer 12

helps churn & mix food w/ gastric juices

Question 13

Stomach function

Answer 13

holds food & mixes with enzymes & acids to turn food into paste

Question 14

6 major functions of digestive system

Answer 14

ingestion, propulsion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, digestion

Question 15

Pharynx function

Answer 15

passageway for food & air

Question 16

Small intestine function

Answer 16

absorb nutrients/water & digestion

Question 17

Duodenum function

Answer 17

receives partially digested food from stomach; prep for absorption

Question 18

Jejunum function

Answer 18

villi increase surface area to absorb nutrients which is transported to blood

Question 19

Ileum function

Answer 19

absorb leftover products of digestion (vit. B, salt bile, etc)

Question 20

Pancreatic duct function

Answer 20

drains pancreatic fluid from gland & carries it to duodenum

Question 21

Bile duct function

Answer 21

transport bile from liver & gall bladder to small intestine

Question 22

Duodenal papilla function

Answer 22

primary mechanism for secretion of bile & other enzymes

Question 23

Large intestine (appendix, cecum, ascending/transverse/descending colon) function

Answer 23

water & electrolyte recovery, formation/storage/expulsion of feces, & fermentation of indigestible food

Question 24

Rectum function

Answer 24

received waste from colon & stores it

Question 25

Anus function

Answer 25

empties waste

Question 26

Internal sphincter function

Answer 26

involuntary smooth muscle

Question 27

External sphincter function

Answer 27

voluntary smooth muscle

Question 28

Parotid (salivary gland function)

Answer 28

release a water liquid salivary amylase

Question 29

Submandibular (salivary gland function)

Answer 29

secretes amylase thickened w/ mucous

Question 30

Sublingual (salivary gland function)

Answer 30

secretes mostly mucous; lubricates organs & food

Question 31

Pancreas function

Answer 31

releases juices that stop pepsin & creates proper pH for enzymes

Question 32

Pancreatic duct function

Answer 32

pancreatic juice released in duodenum

Question 33

Liver function

Answer 33

produces bile

Question 34

Gallbladder function

Answer 34

stores bile

Question 35

Hepatic artery function

Answer 35

how liver receives oxygenated blood

Question 36

Hepatic portal vein

Answer 36

how liver receives deoxygenated blood

Question 37

Layers of GI tract (superficial to deep)

Answer 37

serosa, muscularis, submucosa, mucosa