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Final OP Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

EOP, nuchal line, nuchal ligament

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2
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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3
Q

What are the actions of the trapezius?

A

Unilateral: lateral flexion of head; Bilateral: extension of head, elevation of scapula, retraction of scapula, upward rotation of scapula, downward rotation of scapula

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

(Spinal) accessory nerve (CN XI), cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

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5
Q

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?

A

Sternal head: manubrium of sternum; Clavicular head: medial portion of clavicle

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?

A

Mastoid process

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7
Q

What are the actions of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?

A

Rotation of head to contralateral side, lateral flexion to ipsilateral side, bilateral action: neck flexion

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?

A

Motor: spinal accessory nerve (CN XI); Sensory: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami)

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9
Q

What is the origin of the anterior scalene?

A

TPs of C3-C6

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?

A

1st rib

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11
Q

What are the actions of the anterior scalene?

A

Flexion and ipsilateral lateral flexion of neck, elevation of 1st rib

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior scalene?

A

Cervical spinal nerves, ventral rami

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13
Q

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

A

TPs of C1-C4

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of scapula (superior part)

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15
Q

What are the actions of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevation of scapula, extension and lateral flexion of neck

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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17
Q

What is the origin of the digastric muscle?

A

Posterior belly: mastoid process; Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible

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18
Q

What is the insertion of the digastric muscle?

A

Hyoid bone (both bellies)

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19
Q

What are the actions of the digastric muscle?

A

Elevation of hyoid bone, depression of mandible (stabilizes hyoid bone for infrahyoid action)

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the digastric muscle?

A

Posterior belly: facial nerve (CN VII); Anterior belly: trigeminal nerve (CN V)

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21
Q

What is the origin of the splenius cervicis?

A

SPs of T3-6

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22
Q

What is the insertion of the splenius cervicis?

A

TPs of C1-C3

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23
Q

What are the actions of the splenius cervicis?

A

Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation and lateral flexion of neck; Bilateral: extension of neck

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24
Q

What is the innervation of the splenius cervicis?

A

Cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

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25
Q

What is the origin of the sternohyoid?

A

Manubrium and sternoclavicular joint

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26
Q

What is the insertion of the sternohyoid?

A

Body of hyoid bone

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27
Q

What are the actions of the sternohyoid?

A

Depression of hyoid bone and larynx

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28
Q

What is the innervation of the sternohyoid?

A

Ansa cervicalis

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29
Q

What is the origin of the longus capitis?

A

TPs of C3-C5

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30
Q

What is the insertion of the longus capitis?

A

Occipital bone (anterior foramen magnum)

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31
Q

What are the actions of the longus capitis?

A

Flexion of head and neck

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32
Q

What is the innervation of the longus capitis?

A

Cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami)

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33
Q

What is the origin of the Deltoid muscle?

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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34
Q

What is the insertion of the Deltoid muscle?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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35
Q

What actions does the Deltoid muscle perform?

A

Abduction of shoulder (middle fibers), flexion and horizontal adduction (anterior fibers), extension and horizontal abduction (posterior fibers)

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36
Q

What is the innervation of the Deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary nerve

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37
Q

What is the origin of the Teres Minor muscle?

A

Superior lateral border of scapula

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38
Q

What is the insertion of the Teres Minor muscle?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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39
Q

What action does the Teres Minor muscle perform?

A

Lateral rotation of shoulder and stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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40
Q

What is the innervation of the Teres Minor muscle?

A

Axillary nerve

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41
Q

What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii muscle?

A

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle and glenohumeral labrum; Short head: coracoid process of scapula

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42
Q

What is the insertion of the Biceps Brachii muscle?

A

Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

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43
Q

What actions does the Biceps Brachii muscle perform?

A

Flexion and supination of elbow, flexion of shoulder

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44
Q

What is the innervation of the Biceps Brachii muscle?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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45
Q

What is the origin of the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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46
Q

What is the insertion of the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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47
Q

What action does the Supraspinatus muscle perform?

A

Abduction of shoulder and stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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48
Q

What is the innervation of the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Suprascapular nerve

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49
Q

What is the origin of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula

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50
Q

What is the insertion of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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51
Q

What action does the Subscapularis muscle perform?

A

Medial rotation of shoulder and stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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52
Q

What is the innervation of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

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53
Q

What is the origin of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Infraspinous fossa and inferior portion of spine of scapula

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54
Q

What is the insertion of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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55
Q

What action does the Infraspinatus muscle perform?

A

Lateral rotation of shoulder and stabilizes glenohumeral joint

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56
Q

What is the innervation of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Suprascapular nerve

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57
Q

What is the origin of the Teres Major muscle?

A

Inferior, lateral border of scapula

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58
Q

What is the insertion of the Teres Major muscle?

A

Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus (medial to latissimus)

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59
Q

What actions does the Teres Major muscle perform?

A

Medial rotation and adduction of shoulder

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60
Q

What is the innervation of the Teres Major muscle?

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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61
Q

What is the origin of the Pectoralis Major muscle?

A

Clavicular fibers: medial ½ of clavicle; Sternal fibers: anterior sternum; Costal fibers: costal cartilage of ribs 1-7

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62
Q

What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Major muscle?

A

Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus

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63
Q

What actions does the Pectoralis Major muscle perform?

A

Adduction and medial rotation of shoulder, horizontal adduction of shoulder

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64
Q

What is the innervation of the Pectoralis Major muscle?

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

65
Q

What is the origin of the Brachialis muscle?

A

Anterior distal ½ of humerus

66
Q

What is the insertion point of the Brachialis muscle?

A

Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

67
Q

What is the primary action of the Brachialis muscle?

A

Flexion of elbow (main elbow flexor)

68
Q

What nerves innervate the Brachialis muscle?

A

Musculocutaneous and radial nerve

69
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle and neck of scapula

70
Q

What is the origin of the lateral head of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Upper half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus (above radial groove)

71
Q

What is the origin of the deep (medial) head of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Posterior shaft of humerus (below radial groove)

72
Q

Where does the Triceps Brachii insert?

A

Olecranon process

73
Q

What is the action of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Extension of elbow

74
Q

What is the innervation of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Radial nerve (axillary nerve - long head)

75
Q

Pronator Teres - Origin

A

Humeral head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon; Ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna

76
Q

Pronator Teres - Insertion

A

Lateral radius middle of shaft (pronator tuberosity)

77
Q

Pronator Teres - Action

A

Pronation of forearm

78
Q

Pronator Teres - Innervation

A

Median nerve

79
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis - Origin

A

Medial epicondyle (via common flexor tendon)

80
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis - Insertion

A

Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (anterior side)

81
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis - Action

A

Flexion of wrist; radial flexion (abduction) of wrist

82
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis - Innervation

A

Median nerve

83
Q

Palmaris Longus - Origin

A

Medial epicondyle (via common flexor tendon)

84
Q

Palmaris Longus - Insertion

A

Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

85
Q

Palmaris Longus - Action

A

Flexion of wrist

86
Q

Palmaris Longus - Innervation

A

Median nerve

87
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Origin

A

Humeral-ulnar head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon and coronoid process of ulna; Radial head: oblique line of radius

88
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Insertion

A

Base of middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

89
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Action

A

Flexion of fingers 2-5 (PIP, MCP)

90
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Innervation

A

Median nerve

91
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus - Origin

A

Anterior and medial surface of ulna (proximal ½) and interosseous membrane

92
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus - Insertion

A

Base of distal phalange of fingers 2-5

93
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus - Action

A

Flexion of fingers (at DIP, PIP, MCP joints)

94
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus - Innervation

A

Median nerve; ulnar nerve

95
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Origin

A

Humeral Head: medial epicondyle (common flexor tendon); Ulnar Head: medial aspect of olecranon and proximal 2/3 of medial ulna

96
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Insertion

A

Pisiform and hamate bones; base of 5th metacarpal

97
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Action

A

Flexion of wrist; ulnar flexion (adduction) of wrist

98
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

99
Q

Brachioradialis - Origin

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

100
Q

Brachioradialis - Insertion

A

styloid process of radius

101
Q

Brachioradialis - Action

A

flexion of elbow

102
Q

Brachioradialis - Innervation

A

radial nerve

103
Q

Extensor Digitorum - Origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)

104
Q

Extensor Digitorum - Insertion

A

phalanges 2-5 mid and distal

105
Q

Extensor Digitorum - Action

A

extension of fingers 2-5 (MCP, PIP, DIP), extension of wrist

crosses elbow joint so weak elbow extension

106
Q

Extensor Digitorum - Innervation

A

radial nerve

107
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus - Origin

A

distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge

108
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus - Insertion

A

base of 2nd metacarpal

109
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus - Action

A

extension of wrist, radial flexion (abduction) of wrist

crosses elbow joint so weak flexion/supination of elbow

110
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus - Innervation

A

radial nerve

111
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi - Origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)

112
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi - Insertion

A

middle and distal phalanges of 5th digit (extensor expansion)

113
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi - Action

A

extension of little finger (5th digit)

extension of wrist and weak extension of elbow

114
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi - Innervation

A

radial nerve

115
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis - Origin

A

lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)

116
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis - Insertion

A

base of 3rd metacarpal (dorsal side)

117
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis - Action

A

extension of wrist, radial flexion (abduction) of wrist

crosses elbow so weak flexion of elbow

118
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis - Innervation

A

radial nerve

119
Q

Anconeus - Origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

120
Q

Anconeus - Insertion

A

olecranon process and proximal ¼ of posterior ulna

121
Q

Anconeus - Action

A

extension of elbow

122
Q

Anconeus - Innervation

A

radial nerve

123
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Origin

A

humeral head: lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon), ulnar head: posterior shaft of ulna

124
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Insertion

A

base of 5th metacarpal (dorsal side)

125
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Action

A

ulnar flexion (adduction of wrist), extension of wrist

crosses elbow joint so weak elbow extension

126
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Innervation

A

radial nerve

127
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Pollicis Longus?

A

Radius (middle 1/3 anterior surface) and interosseous membrane

128
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Pollicis Longus?

A

Base of distal phalanx of thumb (anterior aspect)

129
Q

What is the action of the Flexor Pollicis Longus?

A

Flexion of thumb (CMC, MCP, IP joints); weak wrist flexion

130
Q

What is the innervation of the Flexor Pollicis Longus?

A

Median nerve

131
Q

What is the origin of the Extensor Indicis?

A

Posterior distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

132
Q

What is the insertion of the Extensor Indicis?

A

Base of middle and distal phalanx of index finger (via extensor expansion & extensor digitorum muscle tendon)

133
Q

What is the action of the Extensor Indicis?

A

Extension of index finger (MCP, PIP, DIP); weak extension of hand and adduction of index finger

134
Q

What is the innervation of the Extensor Indicis?

A

Radial nerve

135
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor digiti minimi?

A

Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate

136
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor digiti minimi?

A

Base of proximal phalanx of little finger

137
Q

What is the action of the Flexor digiti minimi?

A

Flexion of little finger (CMC and MCP)

138
Q

What is the innervation of the Flexor digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

139
Q

What is the origin of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

A

Posterior surfaces of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane (middle 1/3 of forearm)

140
Q

What is the insertion of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

A

Base of 1st metacarpal (lateral side)

141
Q

What is the action of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

A

Abduction of thumb (CMC joint); also assists with radial deviation of wrist, extension and rotation of thumb, and flexion/supination of hand at wrist

142
Q

What is the innervation of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

A

Radial nerve

143
Q

What is the origin of the Adductor Pollicis?

A

Oblique head: capitate and bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals; Transverse head: palmar surface of 3rd metacarpal

144
Q

What is the insertion of the Adductor Pollicis?

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

145
Q

What is the action of the Adductor Pollicis?

A

Adduction of thumb

146
Q

What is the innervation of the Adductor Pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

147
Q

What is the origin of the Extensor Pollicis Longus?

A

Posterior middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

148
Q

What is the insertion of the Extensor Pollicis Longus?

A

Distal phalanx of thumb

149
Q

What is the action of the Extensor Pollicis Longus?

A

Extension of thumb (CMC, MCP, IP joints); assists in extension and radial flexion of wrist

150
Q

What is the innervation of the Extensor Pollicis Longus?

A

Radial nerve

151
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

A

Trapezium and flexor retinaculum

152
Q

What is the insertion of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

153
Q

What is the action of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

A

Flexion of thumb (CMC, MCP joint)

154
Q

What is the innervation of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis?

A

Median nerve

155
Q

What is the origin of the Opponens Pollicis?

A

Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

156
Q

What is the insertion of the Opponens Pollicis?

A

Metacarpal of thumb (anteriolateral side)

157
Q

What is the action of the Opponens Pollicis?

A

Opposition of thumb (CMC joint)

158
Q

What is the innervation of the Opponens Pollicis?

A

Median and ulnar nerves

Anatomy Lab (18 decks)

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