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Pharmacology (Spring 2019) > Final - MOA > Flashcards

Final - MOA Flashcards

1
Q
  • hypernatremia
  • cellular dehydration
  • dehydrated + normal BP
A

hypotonic

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2
Q

stimulate uterine contractions & promote induction of labor

A

oxytocics

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3
Q
  • cross BBB

- preferred drug for initial HIV treatment

A

efavirenz

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4
Q

antivirals:

- prodrug = more commonly prescribed

A

valacyclovir

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5
Q
  • volume expander
  • massive hemorrhage
  • shock
  • burns
  • acute liver failure
A

colloids

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6
Q
  • aerobic gram-neg = narrow spectrum

- effective against gram-neg: bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor

A

aminoglycosides

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7
Q

antivirals:

  • flu A or B
  • N = neurominoade
A

oseltamivir

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8
Q
  • prophylaxis of bacterial infection

- gram-pos

A

vancomycin

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9
Q
  • generally broad-spectrum
  • 4 generations (1st gram-neg, 5th gram-pos)
  • DNA synthesis inhibitors
A

flouroquinolones

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10
Q

sometimes mom gets too much oxytocin and there is no relaxation & too much activity = too long of contraction = can administer _____

A

terbutaline

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11
Q
  • arthritis, inflammatory conditions, pediatric patent ductus arteriosus
A

indomethacin

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12
Q
  • control postpartum hemorrhage & restore uterine tone
A

methylergonovine

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13
Q

is amphotericin broad or narrow spectrum

A

borad

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14
Q
  • affects DNA so it can’t replicate
  • gram-neg
  • broad-spectrum
  • medication for anthrax
A

ciprofloxacin

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15
Q
  • 5th Gen

- extreme cases of MRSA

A

ceftrialone

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16
Q
  • PI = most common for protease inhibitor category
A

lopinavir with ritonavir

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17
Q

antivirals:

  • prophylactic (cancer exposed, pregnancy, children 3-4, adults)
  • parkinson’s (ween off)
A

amantadine

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18
Q
  • controlling postpartum hemorrhage

- inducing abortion 13-20 wks

A

carbaprost

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19
Q
  • acts by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acid
  • main prototype drug for latent TB
  • bacteriocidal = active
  • bacteriostatic = dormant
A

isoniazide

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20
Q
  • usually for gastric ulcers

- first line after oxytocin

A

misoprostol

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21
Q
  • inhibit cell wall
  • 4 generations (1st gramp-pos, 5th gram-neg)
  • bacteriocidal and inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding PBPs
  • used to treat step throat in pt. who has nka
A

cephalosporins

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22
Q
  • creates a defective proviral DNA strand
  • dirty needle stick
  • pregnancy moms to reduce transmission to fetus
A

zidovoudine

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23
Q
  • reduce postpartum hemorrhage

- incomplete or inevitable abortion

A

oxytocin

24
Q
  • supress uterine contractions

- delay birth 24-72 hrs (long enough to improve fetal lung)

A

tocolytics

25
Q
  • 1st Gen.
  • give prior to surgery
  • strept thoat
A

cefazolin

26
Q

tocolytic: usualy fot HTN & angina

A

nifedipin

27
Q

tocolytic for preeclampsia

A

magnesium sulfate = reduce risk of seizure

28
Q

colloids have a _____ effect

A

hypertonic

29
Q
  • usually for asthma

- suppress preterm contractions

A

terbutaline

30
Q
  • choice tocolytic for preterm labor
A

magnesium sulfate

31
Q

cellular edema (cerebral edema)

A

hypertonic

32
Q
  • affects gram-post, gram-neg, aerobic, anaerobic = broad spectum
  • resistant to beta lactamase and are broad-spectrum alternatives to PCNs
A

carbapenems

33
Q
  • 3rd gen (more broad than cipro)

- long half-life = once daily dosing

A

levofloxacin

34
Q
  • first line drug for active TB
  • always given in combination with other meds
  • meningitis, leprosy, cross BBB
  • affects RNs synthesis in microbacteria
A

rifampin

35
Q
  • herpers

- N, V

A

acyclovir

36
Q
  • anaerobic bacterial infections (respiratory, bone, skin, CNS), amebiasis
  • C. Diff
A

metronidazole

37
Q
  • 3rd Gen

- one time IM injection

A

ceftriaxone

38
Q

Antineoplastic:

  • non-specific drug
  • liver converts it to active form
A

cyclophosphamide

39
Q

Antineoplastic:

- cell cycle non-specific = broad spectrum

A

doxorubicin

40
Q

Antineoplastic:

  • periwinkle plant
  • works only in M phase of cell cycle = inhibits division
A

vincristine

41
Q

Antineoplastic:

  • hormones, female related
  • stimulate ovulation in women c infertility
A

tamoxifen

42
Q

Antineoplastic:

  • cell-specific
  • severe RA
  • psoriases
  • autoimmune disorders
  • abortion
A

methrotrexate

43
Q

Biological Response Modifier:

  • trying to make us get some RBC’s = bring up hct
  • anemia
  • kidney failure
A

epoetin alfa

44
Q

Biological Response Modifier:

  • G-CSF factor
  • low ANC (<5-10k)
A

fligrastin

45
Q

Biological Response Modifier:

- give when you have low platelets

A

romiplostim

46
Q
  • calcineurin inhibitor
  • low activity of T-cell in immune system
  • RA
  • organ transplant rejection
  • off label: autoimmune disease
A

cyclosporine

47
Q
  • short acting
  • usually combined with longer-lasting
  • emergency DKA
  • hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
  • increases cellular uptake of glucose = decrease BG
  • stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen
  • inhibits release of glucagon
A

regular insulin

48
Q
  • intermediate acting
  • CLOUDY = draw up after another insulin
  • provide basal level of insulin coverage for between meals & night
A

NPH

49
Q
  • rapid acting

- usually given with long acting

A

aspart & lispro

50
Q
  • long acting insulin
A

glargine

51
Q
  • synthetic analog of human ADH that has longer duration of action than natural hormone
  • polyuria, polydipsia
  • off-labe: enuresis
  • produces increase in plasma factor VIII and von Willibrand’s
A

desmopressin

52
Q
  • mimic those of endogenous corticosteroids
  • inflammation & allergies
  • RSV = open airway
A

hydrocortisone

53
Q

antihypoglycemic:

  • very thick substance
  • NO PUSH!
  • hypertonic
A

D50W

54
Q
  • increase BS

- emergency hypoglycemia

A

glucagon

55
Q
  • hyperthyroidism

- inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones

A

methimazole

56
Q
  • prior to thyroid surgery = reduce vascularity, fragility, & size of thyroid glands
  • hyperthyroidism
  • protect thyroid from radiation
A

Potassium iodide

Pharmacology (Spring 2019) (8 decks)

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